High Power Laser and Particle Beams, Volume. 36, Issue 10, 103003(2024)
Influence of thermal radiation on cathode temperature of traveling wave tubes
Figures & Tables(20)
Fig. 2. Temperature measurement test site and data curve of cathode-thermal shielding assembly
Fig. 4. Revised temperature measurement test data curve of cathode-thermal shielding assembly
Fig. 5. Heater power-cathode temperature curve for testing and simulation fitting
Fig. 7. Surface emissivity of cathode cylinder and cathode support cylinder-heater power curve
Fig. 9. Installation of electron gun thermal equilibrium test sample
Fig. 11. Curve of heating power- electron gun shell ceramic temperature
Fig. 12. Curve of heating power-electron cathode surface temperature
Fig. 13. Cloud map of temperature distribution of cathode-thermal shielding assembly and electron gun when the heater power is 5.43 W
Table 1. Emissivity for thermal simulation of electron guns
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Emissivity for thermal simulation of electron guns
part material emissivity cathode M-type ε1 Al2O3 sintered body Al2O3 ε2 cathode cylinder Mo ε3 cathode support cylinder Mo ε3 thermal shielding cylinder 4J36 ε4 cathode support cylinder positioning component 4J36 ε4
Table 2. Heat loss data
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Heat loss data
T/K I/A ρ/(10−5 Ω·mm) ε Qgenerate/W Qloss/W 1323 0.696 55.84 0.153 0.14 0.13 1373 0.738 57.44 0.162 0.16 0.17 1423 0.777 59.00 0.171 0.18 0.20 1473 0.818 60.56 0.180 0.21 0.24
Table 3. Measurement data statistics of tungsten emissivity
View tableView in ArticleTable 3. Measurement data statistics of tungsten emissivity
author temperature/K wavelength/μm ε1 compared to the value of the target condition Lü Zheng[ 27 ]3000 2.1～2.4 0.68～0.69 much larger Yao Longqing[ 28 ]1300 0.65 0.46 larger Yu Kun[ 29 ]873 3 0.25 much smaller Cagran C[ 30 ]973～ 1283 2.2 0.26 slightly smaller Seifter A[ 31 ]1800 0.65 0.54 much larger Brodu E[ 32 ]1300 ～1500 0.6～2.8 0.36～0.39 similar
Table 4. Measurement data statistics of molybdenum emissivity
View tableView in ArticleTable 4. Measurement data statistics of molybdenum emissivity
author temperature/K wavelength/μm ε3 compared to the value of the target condition Cagran C[ 30 ]1073 ～1473 2.4 0.25 similar Xu Yihan[ 37 ]923 2.2 0.55 smaller Taylor J E[ 38 ]1287 ～1350 0.7 0.38 much larger Zhu Yingshan[ 39 ]1525 2.6 0.15 slightly larger Brodu E[ 40 ]1300 ～1500 0.6～40 0.2～0.3 similar
Table 5. Measurement data statistics of iron nickel alloy, iron and steel emissivity
View tableView in ArticleTable 5. Measurement data statistics of iron nickel alloy, iron and steel emissivity
author material temperature/K wavelength/μm ε3 compared to the value of the target condition Taylor J E[ 38 ]iron 1147 0.7 0.365 very much larger Wilthan B[ 41 ]Fe64Ni36 1700 0.6845 0.295 very much larger Bai Yinxue[ 42 ]Fe50Ni50 1712 1.6 0.26 much larger Yu Kun[ 43 ]Steel Q235 823 1.5 0.25 much larger
Table 6. Established thermal radiation boundary conditions
View tableView in ArticleTable 6. Established thermal radiation boundary conditions
correlation radiation face absorbing face emissivity estimate to ambient cathode emitting surface and exposed side ambience ε1 0.46～0.75 to ambient bottom surface of Al2O3 sintered body ambience ε2 0.15～0.2 to ambient upper and lower end faces of cathode cylinder ambience ε3 0.15～0.3 surface to surface outer surface of cathode cylinder internal surface of cathode support cylinder ε3 0.15～0.3 surface to surface outer surface of cathode support cylinder internal surface of thermal shielding cylinder ε3 0.15～0.3 to ambient outer surface of thermal shielding cylinder ambience ε4 0.1～0.2 to ambient inner and outer surfaces of the cathode support cylinder positioning component ambience ε4 0.1～0.2
Table 7. Emissivity values determined through thermal simulation
View tableView in ArticleTable 7. Emissivity values determined through thermal simulation
part material emissivity value cathode M-type ε1 0.65 Al2O3 sintered body Al2O3 ε2 0.16 cathode cylinder Mo ε3 0.23 cathode support cylinder Mo ε3 0.23 thermal shielding cylinder 4J36 ε4 0.12 thermal shielding cylinder positioning component 4J36 ε4 0.12
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Yanwei Li, Fei Li, Xinwen Shang, Liu Xiao, Jiandong Zhao, Hongxia Yi, Jie Zhou, Mingchen Zhang, Yongkang Shi. Influence of thermal radiation on cathode temperature of traveling wave tubes[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2024, 36(10): 103003
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Received: May. 8, 2024
Accepted: Jul. 5, 2024
Published Online: Nov. 13, 2024
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