Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 61, Issue 6, 0618018(2024)
A New Weapon For Super-Resolution Imaging: Lanthanide Ion Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles (Invited)
Fig. 1. Principal upconversion mechanisms of lanthanide-doped nanomaterials. (a) Excited-state absorption; (b) energy-transfer upconversion; (c) photon avalanche; (d) cooperative energy transfer; (e) energy migration-mediated upconversion (red arrows stand for direct excitation processes, blue arrows represent radiative emission processes, dashed arrows represent energy transfer processes, A means activator ion, S means sensitizer ion, M means migratory ion, and L means ladder ion)
Fig. 3. Applications of UCNP in various super-resolution microscopy. (a) Super-resolution of low-power STED microscopy[21]; (b) immunofluorescence labeling of cellular cytoskeleton protein desmin with antibody-conjugated UCNPs and super-resolution imaging[45]; (c) non-bleached FED microscopy[48]; (d) Fourier-domain heterochromatic fusion[50]; (e) deep tissue imaging by near-infrared emission saturation microscopy[49]; (f) super-linear excitation-emission conventional confocal for three-dimensional subdiffraction imaging[52]; (g) super-resolution uSEE-STED imaging of UCNPs endocytosed by a neuron phenotype cell[53]; (h) nonlinear SIM microscopy super-resolution[56]
Fig. 4. Applications of UCNP in Multiplexed super-resolution microscopy. (a) Deep learning assisted decoding of multi-channel single τ2-dots in super-resolution mode[57]; (b) super-resolved multiplexing of mixed UCNPs[58]; (c) time-domain anticounterfeiting by using three types of Nd-Yb-Tm series τ2-dots security inks with different rising-decay fingerprints; (d) multiplexed single molecule digital assays using five types of Nd-Yb-Er series τ2-dots probes to quantify the five kinds of target pathogen single-stranded DNAs[13]
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Ziqi Li, Xiaolan Zhong, Chaohao Chen, Fan Wang. A New Weapon For Super-Resolution Imaging: Lanthanide Ion Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles (Invited)[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2024, 61(6): 0618018
Category: Microscopy
Received: Jan. 4, 2024
Accepted: Feb. 19, 2024
Published Online: Mar. 22, 2024
The Author Email: Zhong Xiaolan (zhongxl@buaa.edu.cn), Wang Fan (fanwang@buaa.edu.cn)