Research and development of new neodymium laser glasses

Dongbing He; Shuai Kang; Liyan Zhang; Lin Chen; Yajun Ding; Qianwen Yin; LiLi Hu

doi:10.1017/hpl.2016.46

High Power Laser Science and Engineering, Volume. 5, Issue 1, 010000e1(2017)

Research and development of new neodymium laser glasses

Dongbing He^1、†, Shuai Kang^1,2, Liyan Zhang¹, Lin Chen³, Yajun Ding^1,2, Qianwen Yin^1,2, and LiLi Hu¹

Author Affiliations

¹Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China

²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

³Laser Fusion Research Center, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China

show less

Figures & Tables(10)

Fig. 1. The absorption (left) and emission (right) spectrum of phosphate, silicate and aluminate glass.

Download full size

View in Article

Table 1. Thermal–mechanical properties of silico-phosphate glasses and N31 glass.

View table

View in Article

Table 1. Thermal–mechanical properties of silico-phosphate glasses and N31 glass.

Glass no.	Thermal conductivity ()	Fracture toughness ()	Young’s modulus (GPa)	Coeff. Thermal expan. ()	Thermal shock resistance ()
N31	0.560	0.48	56.4	11.5	0.31
P-Si0	0.979	1.03	85.3	7.87	1.13
P-Si4	0.975	1.13	81.4	7.73	1.32
P-Si8	0.973	1.13	81.1	7.61	1.34
P-Si12	0.950	1.13	78.1	7.39	1.40
P-Si16	0.935	1.04	77.5	7.37	1.27
P-Si20	0.920	1.01	73.2	6.96	1.36

Table 2. Emission cross section and thermal–optical properties of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped $\text{P}_{2}\text{O}_{5}\text{-}\text{Al}_{2}\text{O}_{3}\text{-}\text{BaO}\text{-}\text{K}_{2}\text{O}\text{-}\text{Li}_{2}\text{O}$ phosphate glass.

View table

View in Article

Table 2. Emission cross section and thermal–optical properties of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped $\text{P}_{2}\text{O}_{5}\text{-}\text{Al}_{2}\text{O}_{3}\text{-}\text{BaO}\text{-}\text{K}_{2}\text{O}\text{-}\text{Li}_{2}\text{O}$ phosphate glass.

Mol%	Coeff. of thermal expan. ()	Temperature coeff. of refractive index (, 50–)	Thermo-optical coeff. (, 50–)	Emission cross section ()
Ba-Li0	92	$-13$	3.8	3.50
Ba-Li6	88	$-15.6$	3.3	3.41
Ba-Li11	90	$-16.6$	3.3	3.25
Ba-Li16	94	$-25.5$	2.7	3.13
K-Li0	105	$-34.4$	2.1	4.10
K-Li3	112	$-46.9$	1.3	4.32
K-Li6	115	$-54.4$	0.7	4.22
K-Li9	110	$-46.8$	1.1	4.36
K-Li12	115	$-47.5$	0.9	4.52
K-Li15	133	$-85.0$	$-1.5$	4.30

Table 3. Main parameters of high-average-power neodymium phosphate laser glasses from Hoya^[3], Schott^[3] and SIOM.

View table

View in Article

Table 3. Main parameters of high-average-power neodymium phosphate laser glasses from Hoya^[3], Schott^[3] and SIOM.

Parameters	HAP-4	APG-1	APG-2	NAP-2	NAP-4
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{\text{emi}}/10^{-20}~\text{cm}^{2}$	3.6	3.4	2.4	3.7	3.2
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{\text{rad}}/\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{s}$	350	385	464	380	400
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{\text{eff}}/\text{nm}$	27.0	27.8	31.5	27.0	29.0
^*d/g/$\text{cm}^{2}$	2.70	2.64	2.56	2.76	2.60
^*$n_{d}$	1.5433	1.5370	1.5127	1.542	1.530
$n_{1053~\text{nm}}$	1.5331	1.5260	1.5032	1.536	1.523
Abbe number	64.6	67.7	66.9	67	66
$n_{2}/10^{-13}$ esu	1.21	1.13	1.06	1.22	1.10
$\text{Tg}/^{\circ }\text{C}$	486	450	549	478	545
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}/10^{-7}/\text{K}(20{-}300\,^{\circ }\text{C})$	72	99.6	64	96	71
dn/dT/$10^{-7}/\text{K}$	18	12	34	$-8.7$	19
dS/dT/$10^{-7}/\text{K}$	57	52	76	36	50
k/W/(m$\cdot$K)	1.02	0.78	0.84	0.76	0.86
E/GPa	70	71.0	64.0	58	67

Table 4. Range of optical parameters of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$ in different host glasses^[21].

View table

View in Article

Table 4. Range of optical parameters of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$ in different host glasses^[21].

Parameters	Refractive index	Peak wavelength (nm)	Line width FWMH (nm)	Emission cross section ()	Radiative lifetime (s)
Silicate	1.46–1.75	1057–1088	34–55	0.9–3.6	170–1090
Germinate	1.61–1.71	1060–1063	36–43	1.7–2.5	300–460
Phosphate	1.49–1.63	1052–1057	22–35	2.0–4.8	280–530
Aluminate	1.64–1.77	1063–1077	33–44	1.5–2.1	270–410

Table 5. Bandwidth and Emission cross section of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped aluminate glasses.

View table

View in Article

Table 5. Bandwidth and Emission cross section of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped aluminate glasses.

Glass	Line width FWMH (nm)	Effective bandwidth (nm)	Radiative lifetime (s)	Emission cross section ()
ACS-1	41.2	49.9	338	1.84
ACS-2	38.4	47.9	335	1.90
ACS-3	37.1	46.4	343	1.92
ACS-4	36.3	44.7	341	2.02
ACG-1	38.8	48.3	311	1.75
ACG-2	38.5	47.3	305	1.84
ACG-3	38.8	47.9	293	1.89
ACG-4	38.1	46.8	275	2.0

Table 6. Main parameters of laser glasses from Schott, LLNL and SIOM.

View table

View in Article

Table 6. Main parameters of laser glasses from Schott, LLNL and SIOM.

Parameters	LG-680	K-824	L-65	NSG-2	ACS-1
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{p}$	1061	1064.5	1067	1061	1065
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}/10^{-20}~\text{cm}^{2}$	2.7	2.4	1.8	2.9	1.84
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{\text{rad}}/\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}$s	359	274	349	330	338
FWMH/nm	27.8	38.2	41.23	28	41.2
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{\text{eff}}/\text{nm}$	34.4	42.64	—	35	49.9

Table 7. Emission cross section and nonlinear refractive index in commercial silica/silicate and FP glasses.

View table

View in Article

Table 7. Emission cross section and nonlinear refractive index in commercial silica/silicate and FP glasses.

Glass code		esu	Glass type
Nd-SG	1.4	0.87	Silica
LG-670(ED-2)	2.7	1.41	Silicate
LG-680(ED-3)	2.5	1.60	Silicate
Q246	2.4	1.49	Silicate
K-824	2.4	3.44	Silicate
LG810	2.54	0.52	Fluorophosphate
LHG10	2.6	0.61	Fluorophosphate

Table 8. Properties of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped fluorophosphate glasses from Schott, Hoya and SIOM.

View table

View in Article

Table 8. Properties of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped fluorophosphate glasses from Schott, Hoya and SIOM.

Properties	LG810 Schott	LHG10 Hoya	NF-1 SIOM	NF-2 SIOM
Emission cross section $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{\text{emi}}$ ($10^{-20}~\text{cm}^{2}$)	2.54	2.6	2.7	3.4
$\text{Nd}_{2}\text{O}_{3}$wt%	1.2	2.4	0.5	0.5
Fluorescent lifetime ($\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}$s)	470	384	510	430
Lasing wavelength $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{L}$ (nm)	1053	1051	1053	1052
Effective line width $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{\text{eff}}$ (nm)	—	—	32.8	30.4
$n_{d}$	1.434	—	1.4647	1.5146
Abbe Number	91	—	88	77
Nonlinear refractive index, $n_{2}$ ($10^{-13}$esu)	0.52	0.61	0.6	0.86
Glass transition temperature ($^{\circ }\text{C}$)	395	—	450	490
dn/dT ($10^{-6}/\text{K}$)	—	—	$-8.8$	$-8.6$
dS/dT ($10^{-6}/\text{K}$)	$-1.4$	1.6	$-1.86$	$-1.2$
$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ (30–$300\,^{\circ }\text{C}$) ($10^{-7}/\text{K}$)	—	—	152	142

Table 9. Simulation results with total 18 pieces of NF-1 and N31 glass slabs, pulse width 5 ns.

View table

View in Article

Table 9. Simulation results with total 18 pieces of NF-1 and N31 glass slabs, pulse width 5 ns.

()	()	Nd:glass combination	B (rad)	B (rad)	Input (J)	Output (J)
5.25	/	$9_{\text{(N31)}}+9_{\text{(N31)}}$	1.79	2.60	0.016	16 870
5.25	4.36	$9_{\text{(N31)}}+9_{\text{(NF-1)}}$	1.80	3.12	0.076	21 398
5.25	4.36	$9_{\text{(N31)}}+1_{\text{(N31)}}+8_{\text{(NF\text{-}1)}}$	1.80	3.07	0.065	21 089
5.25	4.36	$9_{\text{(N31)}}+3_{\text{(N31)}}+6_{\text{(NF\text{-}1)}}$	1.78	2.91	0.045	20 056
5.25	4.36	$9_{\text{(N31)}}+5_{\text{(N31)}}+4_{\text{(NF\text{-}1)}}$	1.78	2.79	0.032	19 087
5.25	4.36	$9_{\text{(N31)}}+7_{\text{(N31)}}+2_{\text{(NF\text{-}1)}}$	1.79	2.70	0.023	18 102
Output energy performs 7–27% enhancement

Tools

Get Citation

Copy Citation Text

Dongbing He, Shuai Kang, Liyan Zhang, Lin Chen, Yajun Ding, Qianwen Yin, LiLi Hu. Research and development of new neodymium laser glasses[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2017, 5(1): 010000e1

Download Citation

EndNote(RIS)BibTex Plain Text

Set citation alerts for article

Save article for my favorites

Paper Information

Special Issue: HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS AND HIGH POWER LASER

Received: Sep. 28, 2016

Accepted: Dec. 12, 2016

Published Online: Jul. 26, 2018

The Author Email: Dongbing He (hdb798123@163.com)

DOI:10.1017/hpl.2016.46

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Thermal–mechanical properties of silico-phosphate glasses and N31 glass.

Table 1. Thermal–mechanical properties of silico-phosphate glasses and N31 glass.

Table 2. Emission cross section and thermal–optical properties of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped $\text{P}_{2}\text{O}_{5}\text{-}\text{Al}_{2}\text{O}_{3}\text{-}\text{BaO}\text{-}\text{K}_{2}\text{O}\text{-}\text{Li}_{2}\text{O}$ phosphate glass.

Table 2. Emission cross section and thermal–optical properties of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped $\text{P}_{2}\text{O}_{5}\text{-}\text{Al}_{2}\text{O}_{3}\text{-}\text{BaO}\text{-}\text{K}_{2}\text{O}\text{-}\text{Li}_{2}\text{O}$ phosphate glass.

Table 3. Main parameters of high-average-power neodymium phosphate laser glasses from Hoya[3], Schott[3] and SIOM.

Table 3. Main parameters of high-average-power neodymium phosphate laser glasses from Hoya[3], Schott[3] and SIOM.

Table 4. Range of optical parameters of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$ in different host glasses[21].

Table 4. Range of optical parameters of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$ in different host glasses[21].

Table 5. Bandwidth and Emission cross section of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped aluminate glasses.

Table 5. Bandwidth and Emission cross section of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped aluminate glasses.

Table 6. Main parameters of laser glasses from Schott, LLNL and SIOM.

Table 6. Main parameters of laser glasses from Schott, LLNL and SIOM.

Table 7. Emission cross section and nonlinear refractive index in commercial silica/silicate and FP glasses.

Table 7. Emission cross section and nonlinear refractive index in commercial silica/silicate and FP glasses.

Table 8. Properties of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped fluorophosphate glasses from Schott, Hoya and SIOM.

Table 8. Properties of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$-doped fluorophosphate glasses from Schott, Hoya and SIOM.

Table 9. Simulation results with total 18 pieces of NF-1 and N31 glass slabs, pulse width 5 ns.

Table 9. Simulation results with total 18 pieces of NF-1 and N31 glass slabs, pulse width 5 ns.

Table 3. Main parameters of high-average-power neodymium phosphate laser glasses from Hoya^[3], Schott^[3] and SIOM.

Table 3. Main parameters of high-average-power neodymium phosphate laser glasses from Hoya^[3], Schott^[3] and SIOM.

Table 4. Range of optical parameters of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$ in different host glasses^[21].

Table 4. Range of optical parameters of $\text{Nd}^{3+}$ in different host glasses^[21].