Carrier phase estimation of M‑QAM based on cubic spline interpolation

CHEN Rui; LI Chuanqi; ZHOU Shengbang; CHEN Dong; LU Ye; LIU Zhiqiang; ZENG Qian; CUI Bingqi

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2024.04.012

Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, Volume. 41, Issue 4, 679(2024)

Carrier phase estimation of M‑QAM based on cubic spline interpolation

CHEN Rui1... LI Chuanqi1,2,*, ZHOU Shengbang1,2,**, CHEN Dong1,2, LU Ye4, LIU Zhiqiang2,3, ZENG Qian1,2 and CUI Bingqi1 |Show fewer author(s)

Author Affiliations

¹Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Functional Materials and Intelligent Information Processing,Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China

²Smart Logistics Industry School of Nanning Normal University, Demonstrative Modern Industrial School of;Guangxi University, Nanning 530001, China

³The 34th Research Institute, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Guilin 541004, China

⁴College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China

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Fig. 1. Relationship between the test phase angle and the mean Euclidean distance of 16-QAM, 64-QAM and 128-QAM

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Fig. 2. Relation curve between test phase and Euclidean distance obtained by cubic spline interpolation

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Fig. 3. CPE algorithm flow based on cubic spline interpolation

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Fig. 4. Experimental setup and DSP process

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Fig. 5. 16-QAM constellation before and after the CPE algorithm based on cubic spline interpolation. (a) Draw the transmitted 16-QAM constellation symbol; (b) Constellation with phase noise; (c) Laser phase noise and estimated phase noise; (d) Constellation after phase recovery

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Fig. 6. Relationship between OSNR cost and

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Fig. 7. Curves of optical signal-to-noise ratio and initial test phase number bit error rate under different CPE algorithms

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Fig. 8. Relationship between bit error rate and laser linewidth (16-QAM, OSNR=16.5 dB) under different CPE algorithms

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Table 1. Hardware complexity of various algorithms
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Table 1. Hardware complexity of various algorithms
Algorithm Real multiplier Real adder Comparator Decision
BPS $6 N B + 4 N$ $6 N B - B + 2 N + 2$ $B$ $N B + N$
BPS/ML $6 N_{1} B + 8 N_{2} + 1$ $6 N_{1} B - B + 6 N_{2}$ $B$ $N_{1} B + N_{2}$
CSI $6 N B + 4 N + 38 B - 22$ $6 N B + 26 B + 2 N - 13$ $2 B - 1$ $N B + N$

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Rui CHEN, Chuanqi LI, Shengbang ZHOU, Dong CHEN, Ye LU, Zhiqiang LIU, Qian ZENG, Bingqi CUI. Carrier phase estimation of M‑QAM based on cubic spline interpolation[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2024, 41(4): 679

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