Fig. 1. Frequency spectrum and time-frequency diagram of frequency-hopping (FH) signal

Fig. 2. Key waveforms in parameter estimation of a measured frequency hopping signal

Fig. 3. Flow chart of parameter estimation method for frequency-hopping signal based on time-frequency transform and waveform shaping

Fig. 4. Frequency hopping time sequence after eliminating false frequency hopping time

Fig. 5. Frequency hopping time sequence of an actual signal

Fig. 6. Estimation error curves of hopping time, hopping speed and hopping frequency of FH signal with 8 FH frequencies (experiment 1)

Fig. 7. Frequency spectrum of FH signal with 12 frequency values (experiment 2)

Fig. 8. Estimation error curves of hopping time, hopping speed and hopping frequency of FH signal with 12 hopping frequency values (experiment 2)

Fig. 9. Frequency spectrum of FH signal with 8 FH frequency values (experiment 3)

Fig. 10. Estimation error curves of hopping time, hopping speed and hopping frequency of FH signal with 8 FH frequency values (experiment 3)