[1] [1] ANDERSON R R, PARRISH J A. Selective photothermolysis: precise microsurgery by selective absorption of pulsed radiation ［J］. Science, 1983, 220(4596): 524-527.

[2] [2] LI D, HE Y L, WANG G X. Thermal Modelling for Laser Treatment of Port Wine Stains ［M］. Developments in Heat Transfer In Tech, 2011: 537-556.

[3] [3] ZHOU Z F, XIN H, CHEN B, el al. Evaporation characteristics of a single droplet in laser treatment of port wine stain in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling ［J］. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2008, 35(6): 952-956. (in Chinese)

[4] [4] NELSON J S, MILNER T E, ANVARI B, et al.. Dynamic epidermal cooling during pulsed laser treatment of port-wine stain. A new methodology with preliminary clinical evaluation ［J］. Arch. Dermatol, 1995, 131(6): 695-700.

[5] [5] NELSON J S, MILNER T E, ANVARI B, et al.. Dynamic epidermal cooling in conjunction with laser-induced photothermolysis of port wine stain blood vessels ［J］. Lasers Surg. Med., 1996, 19(2): 224-229.

[6] [6] ZHOU Z F, CHEN B, WANG Y, et al.. An experimental study on pulsed spray cooling with refrigerant R-404a in laser surgery［J］. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2012, 39(1): 29-36.

[7] [7] LI D, CHEN B, WU W J. Numerical analysis of cold injury of skin in cryogen spray cooling for dermatologic laser surgery［C］. ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition Proceedings. Seattle, 2014: 673-681.

[8] [8] YUKIYA MARUGUCHI, TOMOKO MARUGUCHUI. Treatment of inflammatory facial acne vulgaris: comparison of the 1450-nm diode laser and conventional physical treatment ［J］. Journal ofcosmetic and laser therapy, 2006, 8: 167-169.

[9] [9] KUL YOUNG PARK, MOO YEOL HYUN, NAM J M, et al.. Combined treatment with 595-nm pulsed dye laser and 1550-nm erbium-glass fractional laser for traumatic scars ［J］. Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2016, 18(7): 387-388.

[10] [10] NAVID BOUZARI, KEYVAN NOURI, HOSSEIN T, et al.. The role of number of treatment in laser-assisted hair removal using A 755-nm alexandrite laser ［J］. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 2005, 4(5): 573-578.

[11] [11] WANG X S, CHEN B. Effect of flow pattern inside nozzle on spray characteristics of R134a flashing spray ［J］. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(12): 4929-4935.(in Chinese)

[12] [12] ZHOU Z F, BAI F L, WANG R, Visualization of the flashing spray generating by the expandion-chanmber nozzle using R134a ［J］. ournal of Engineering Thermophysisc, 2015, 36(12): 2646-2650.(in Chinese)

[13] [13] ZHOU Z F, WU W T, WANG G X, et al.. Thin-film thermocouples for rapid measurement of transient surface temperature in cryogen spray cooling ［J］. CIESC Journal, 2011, 62(11): 2691-2695. (in Chinese)

[14] [14] ZHOU Z F, CHEN B, BAI F L, el al. Heat transfer dynamics of R404a flashing pulsed spray cooling using expansion-chamber nozzle ［J］. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(S1): 100-105. (in Chinese)

[15] [15] ZHOU Z F, XU T Y, CHEN B. Algorithms for the estimation of transient surface heat flux during ultra-fast surface cooling ［J］. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016, 100: 1-10.

[16] [16] TIAN J M, CHEN B, ZHOU Z F. Methodology of surface heat flux estimation for 2D multi-layer mediums ［J］. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 114: 675-687.

[17] [17] ADAM J WULKAN, TIMOTHY MCGRAW, MARK B TAYLOR. Successful treatment of beckers nevus with long-pulsed 1 064 nm Nd: YAG and 755 nm alexandrite laser and review of the literature ［J］. Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2018, 20(4): 211-214.

[18] [18] KOSTAS KALOKASIDIS, MELTEM ONDER, et al.. The effect of Q-switched Nd: YAG 1 064 nm/532 nm laser in the treatment of onychomycosis in vivo ［J］. Dermatology Research and Practice, 2013, 379-385.

[19] [19] YOON JEE KIM, KYU UANG WHANG, et al.. Efficacy and safety of 1 064 nm Q-switched Nd: YAG laser treatment for removing melanocytic nevi ［J］. Annals of Dermatology, 2012, 24(2): 162-167.

[20] [20] ARISA E ORTIZ, SAM V TRUONG, et al.. A 1 320-nm Nd: YAG laser for improving the appearance of onychomycosis ［J］. Dermatologic Surgery, 2014, 40(12): 1356-1360.

[21] [21] ELIZABETH L TANZI, TINA S ALSTER. Comparison of a 1 450 nm diode laser and a 1 320 nm Nd: YAG laser in the treatment of atrophic facial scars: a prospective clinical and histologic study ［J］. Dermatologic Surgery, 2004, 30(2): 152-157.

[22] [22] DONG Ning-ning, CUI Jin-jiang, XU Jian-gen, et al.. Design of control system for 1 470-nm high-power semiconductor laser lipolysis device ［J］. Opt. Precision Eng., 2018, 26(8): 1896-1903.(in Chinese)

[23] [23] XIN H, ZHOU Z F, WANG G X, et al.. Evaporation characteristics of single R404a droplet in laser treatment of PWS in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling ［J］. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2009, 36(10): 2691-2695. (in Chinsee)

[24] [24] QC/T 669-2000. The connectors and fittings for automotive air conditioning of HFC-134a ［S］.(in Chinese)

[25] [25] AGUILAR G, MAJARON B, VERKRUYSSE W, et al.. Theoretical and experimental analysis of droplet diameter, temperature, and evaporation rate evolution in cryogenic sprays ［J］. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2001, 44(17): 3201-3211.

[26] [26] AGUILAR G, MAJARON B, KARAPETIAN E, et al.. Experimental study of cryogen spray properties for application in dermatologic laser surgery ［J］. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 2003, 50(7): 863-869.