Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 58, Issue 13, 1306018(2021)
Optical Fiber Ultrasonic Safety Monitoring: A Review
Fig. 2. Optical fiber coupler-based ultrasonic sensor[29]. (a) Optical fiber coupler-based ultrasonic sensing structure; (b) time-domain response of the ultrasonic sensor
Fig. 3. Optical fiber interferometry-based ultrasonic sensors. (a) Optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer; (b) optical fiber Michelson interferometer; (c) optical fiber Sagnac interferometer; (d) optical fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer
Fig. 6. FPI ultrasonic sensors with different cavities. (a) FPI ultrasonic sensor with reflective mirrors[57]; (b) FPI ultrasonic sensor with an air cavity[59]; (c) optical fiber tip-based FPI ultrasonic sensors with polymer cavity[60]; (d) optical fiber tip-based FPI ultrasonic sensors with polymer plano-concave cavity[61]
Fig. 7. FPI ultrasonic sensors with different diaphragms. (a) Schematic diagram of the diaphragm-based FPI ultrasonic sensors; (b) two-photon 3D printing optical fiber tip-based FPI ultrasonic sensor with polymer diaphragm[64]; (c) two-photon 3D printing optical fiber tip-based FPI acoustic sensor with microspring-based diaphragm[65]; (d) single-photon 3D printing optical fiber tip-based FPI acoustic sensor with polymer spirally-suspended cavity[66]
Fig. 8. Comparison of sensitivity of optical fiber FPI ultrasonic sensors with different diaphragm materials[68]
Fig. 9. Optimum OPD versus the spectral width of the FBG sensor for unbalanced interferometric method[14]
Fig. 10. Two-photon 3D printing phase-shifted Bragg grating waveguide ultrasonic sensors[20]. (a) SEM of phase-shifted Bragg grating waveguide; (b) optical transmission spectrum of the sensor; (c) time response signal detected by the sensor
Fig. 12. Fabricated optical fiber integrated-waveguide micro-ring resonator-based ultrasonic sensor[21]. (a) SEM image of the sensor; (b) simulated electric field distribution of the guided mode; (c) light profile of the micro-ring resonator sensor at a resonant wavelength; (d) detected time response signal
Fig. 13. 3D printing optical fiber partial discharge acoustic emission sensor[109]. (a) Schematic diagram of the sensing head; (b) demodulated signals of the proposed sensing head and optical fiber ring; (c) power spectral densities of the signals detected by the proposed sensing head and optical fiber ring; (d) schematic diagram of the sensor head layout; (e) demodulated signals of the sensor#1, sensor#2 and sensor#3
Fig. 14. Dynamic strain response of the FBG sensor and the PZT transducer[14]. (a) Time response of the sensors; (b) time frequency response of the FBG sensor; (c) time frequency response of the PZT transducer
Fig. 15. Illustration of possible research directions for optical fiber ultrasonic sensing technologies
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Heming Wei, Zhe Gong, Jiawei Che, Fufei Pang. Optical Fiber Ultrasonic Safety Monitoring: A Review[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(13): 1306018
Category: Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
Received: Feb. 25, 2021
Accepted: Apr. 22, 2021
Published Online: Jul. 14, 2021
The Author Email: Wei Heming (hmwei@shu.edu.cn), Pang Fufei (ffpang@shu.edu.cn)