[1] [1] CHEN G, ZHAO Z, ZHU G, et al. The Wuhan ionospheric sounding systems［J］. IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Letters, 2009, 6(4): 748-751.

[2] [2] CHU X, PAPEN G, PAN W, et al. Fe Boltzmann temperature lidar: design, error analysis, and first results from the North and South Poles［J］. Applied Optics, 2002, 41(21): 4400-4410.

[3] [3] ZAHN U V, HOFFNER J. Mesopause temperature profiling by potassium lidar［J］. Geophysical Research Letters, 1996, 23(2): 141-144.

[4] [4] GARDNER C S. Performance capabilities of middle-atmosphere temperature lidars: comparison of Na, Fe, K, Ca, Ca+, and Rayleigh systems［J］. Applied Optics, 2004, 43(25): 4941-4956.

[5] [5] NOTO J, KERR R B, SHEA E M, et al. Evidence for recombination as a significant source of metastable helium［J］. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 1998, 103(A6): 11595-11603.

[6] [6] TINSLEY B A, CHRISTENSEN A B. Twilight He 10830 calculations and observations ［J］. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1976, 81(7): 1253-1263.

[7] [7] CAI Yun-yun, SUN Dong-song, XUE Xiang-hui, et al. Design and analysis of lidar system for measurement of thermospheric metastable helium［J］. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2017, 44(9): 0910001.

[8] [8] BISHOP J, LINKR. Metastable He 1083.0 nm intensities in the twilight: a reconsideration［J］. Geophysical Research Letters, 1993, 20(11): 1027-1030.

[9] [9] GERRARD A J, KANE T J, MEISEL D, et al. Investigation of a resonance lidar for measurement of thermospheric metastable helium［J］. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 1997, 59(16): 2023-2035.

[10] [10] WALDROP L S, KERR R B, GONZALEZ S A, et al. Generation of metastable helium and the 1083.0 nm emission in the upper thermosphere［J］. Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics, 2005, 110(A8): 8304.1-8304.12.

[11] [11] CARLSON C G, DRAGIC P D, PRICE R K, et al. A narrow linewidth Yb fiber-amplified-based upper atmospheric Doppler temperature lidar［J］. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2009, 15(2): 451-461.

[12] [12] MANGOGNIAA D. Helium resonance fluorescence lidar［D］. The University of Illinois, 2015.

[13] [13] HODGMAN S S, DALL R G, BYRON L J. Metastable helium: a new determination of the longest atomic excited-state lifetime［J］. Physical Review Letters, 2009, 103(5): 053002.

[14] [14] HE Jian, ZHANG Qing-guo. Study of a lidar for measurement of thermospheric He I 1 083 nm for Lorentzian profile［J］. Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 2014, 125(18): 5406-5408.

[15] [15] CORENO M, PRINCE K C, RICHTER R, et al. Branching ratios in the radiative decay of helium doubly excited states［J］. Physical Review Letters, 2005, 72(5): 052512.

[16] [16] MICKAT S, SCHARTNER K H, KAMMER S, et al. Absolute cross sections and branching ratios for the radiative decay of doubly excited helium determined by photon-induced fluorescence spectroscopy［J］. Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics, 2005, 38(15): 2613-2628.