In recent years, the field of quantum information technology has experienced rapid growth, with a particular focus on electromagnetic sensors that utilize Rydberg atoms. Rydberg atoms, characterized by their high energy states, have garnered significant attention due to their highly sensitive response to external fields. These atoms offer several advantages, including self-calibration capabilities and direct traceability to the International System of Units (SI), which make them exceptionally suitable for applications in radio sensing and detection. Since Shaffer and others made a breakthrough in measuring microwave electric field intensity using the electromagnetic induced transparency effect of Rydberg atoms in 2012, the sensitivity and uncertainty of measuring microwave electric field intensity have significantly surpassed those of traditional microwave measurement results. Over the past decade, research centered around new theories and technologies, such as Rydberg atom superheterodyne technology, has enabled the measurement of electromagnetic wave frequency, polarization, phase, amplitude, and other parameters. Related engineering technologies are also experiencing significant growth, expected to have a disruptive impact on traditional radio technology. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the research progress in the field of Rydberg atom-based radio technology over the past ten years. It will start by examining the underlying principles of detection and then proceed to outline the developmental trajectory of this domain. Finally, the review will provide insights into the future trends and potential directions for the evolution of this technology.