Coupled Human and Natural Cube: A novel framework for analyzing the multiple interactions between humans and nature

Haimeng LIU; Chuanglin FANG; Kai FANG

doi:10.1007/s11442-020-1732-9

Journal of Geographical Sciences, Volume. 30, Issue 3, 355(2020)

Coupled Human and Natural Cube: A novel framework for analyzing the multiple interactions between humans and nature

Haimeng LIU^1,2, Chuanglin FANG^1,2、*, and Kai FANG³

¹. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China

². College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

³. School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

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Figures & Tables(9)

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Table 1.
Comparison of different coupling types in the Coupled Human and Natural Cube

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Table 1.
Comparison of different coupling types in the Coupled Human and Natural Cube

Conceptual framework	Analysis dimensions	Coupling type	Concept	Research methods	Typical cases
“CHNC”	Space	Intracoupling	Interaction between subsystems, as well as the elements within the particular areal system.	Statistics, coupling degree, coupling coordination degree, etc.	Omitted
	Space	Telecoupling	Interaction between humans and nature in different remote areal systems, or in different spatial scales. Two categories: Multi- regional telecoupling (MRTC) and multi- scale telecoupling (MSTC).	Multi-region input-output model, spatial Durbin model, hierarchical spatial autoregressive model, network analysis, material flow analysis, energy flow analysis, etc.	MRTC: Water diversion, industry transfer, tourism, international trade, technology transfer, investment; MSTC: Local responses to climate change, global diffusion of local pollution
	Time	Syncoupling	Interaction effect between humans and nature occurring in a similar time section.	Statistics, coupling degree, coupling coordination degree, time series analysis, etc.	Omitted
	Time	Lagcoupling	Interaction and feedback between humans and nature in different time periods; the causal chain has relative long time intervals.	Time-delay model, dynamic general equilibrium model, multi-level temporal autoregressive modeling, etc.	The time lag effect of environmental investment on local eco-environment; the 1.5 C global warming target in the Paris Agreement has important effect for current policy.
	Appear-ance	Apparent coupling	Direct interaction between subsystems; elements within the CHANS and causal chain are A→B	Correlations analysis, linear regression analysis, coupling degree, coupling coordination degree, etc.	Omitted
	Appear-ance	Hidden coupling	Interaction between elements or systems is not direct, but works indirectly through a mediator or through an implied system or element, and the causal chain is A→C→B or A(C)→B.	Mediating effects model, multi-region input-output model, environmental footprint, life cycle assessment, etc.	A→C→B: Urbanization has indirect effects on carbon emissions by influencing the structure and intensity of energy consumption; A(C)→B: Pollutants, carbon emissions, virtual water hidden in international trade.
	Organization	Intra- organizational coupling	Interaction between humans and nature in a particular organization.	Statistics, game theory, etc.	Omitted
	Organization	Inter-organizational coupling	Complex interest game to tradeoff human development and environment between different organizations and stakeholders.	Game theory, multi-agent modeling, complex adaptive systems theory, multicenter self-organization theory, complex networks, big data analysis, etc.	Stakeholders such as government, farmers, medias and NGOs have different roles and behavioral responses in ecological compensation.

Table 2.
Human-nature coupling matrix

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Table 2.
Human-nature coupling matrix

Analysis dimension	Space	Time	Appearance	Organization
Space	Intracoupling or telecoupling	Intracoupling or telecoupling + syncoupling or lagcoupling	Intracoupling or telecoupling + apparent or hidden coupling	Intracoupling or telecoupling + intra-organizational or inter- organizational coupling
Time	Syncoupling or lagcoupling + intracoupling or telecoupling	Syncoupling or lagcoupling	Syncoupling or lagcoupling + apparent or hidden coupling	Syncoupling or lagcoupling + intra-organizational or inter-organizational coupling
Appearance	Apparent or hidden coupling + intracoupling or telecoupling	Apparent or hidden coupling + syncoupling or lagcoupling	Apparent or hidden coupling	Apparent or hidden coupling + intra-organizational or inter-organizational coupling
Organization	Intra-organizational or inter-organizational coupling + intracoupling or telecoupling	Intra-organizational or inter-organizational coupling + syncoupling or lagcoupling	Intra-organizational or inter- organizational coupling + apparent or hidden coupling	Intra-organizational or inter-organizational coupling

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Haimeng LIU, Chuanglin FANG, Kai FANG. Coupled Human and Natural Cube: A novel framework for analyzing the multiple interactions between humans and nature[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(3): 355

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Paper Information

Received: Jun. 18, 2019

Accepted: Oct. 12, 2019

Published Online: Sep. 29, 2020

The Author Email: FANG Chuanglin (fangcl@igsnrr.ac.cn)

DOI:10.1007/s11442-020-1732-9

Topics

Resource Economy

Research Articles

Table 1. Comparison of different coupling types in the Coupled Human and Natural Cube

Table 1. Comparison of different coupling types in the Coupled Human and Natural Cube

Table 2. Human-nature coupling matrix

Table 2. Human-nature coupling matrix

Table 1.
Comparison of different coupling types in the Coupled Human and Natural Cube

Table 1.
Comparison of different coupling types in the Coupled Human and Natural Cube

Table 2.
Human-nature coupling matrix

Table 2.
Human-nature coupling matrix