Fig. 1. Principle of phase-shifting interference

Fig. 2. The spectrum diagram of off-axis and on-axis interference patterns

Fig. 3. The principle of piezoelectric ceramic based phase shifting

Fig. 4. Polarization phase-shifting principle

Fig. 5. Schematic of diffraction phase shift method^［47］

Fig. 6. A parallel phase-shifting interferometer based on multi CCD recording parallel phase-shifting module^［50］

Fig. 7. The principle of the parallel phase-shifting based on pixelated phase-mask^［55］

Fig. 8. Parallel phase-shifting Twyman-Green interferometer

Fig. 9. The splitting prism based parallel phase-shifting module and imaging system^{［67， 79］}

Fig. 10. Parallel phase-shifting modules based on grating diffraction^［74］

Fig. 11. PPSDH based on grating diffraction on the spectrum plane^［81］

Fig. 12. A parallel phase-shifting interferometer based on a pair of gratings^［74］

Fig. 13. The Michelson structure based parallel phase-shifting module and imaging system^［84］

Fig. 14. Parallel phase-shifting Mach-Zehnder interferometer and imaging results of red blood cells^［88］

Fig. 15. The measurement of refractive index distribution of hot air flow with parallel phase-shifting interferometer^{［58， 90］}

Fig. 16. Simultaneous measurement of air flow and sound with PPSDH^［91］

Fig. 17. Measurement of sample surface topography with PPSDH^［102］

Fig. 18. Parallel phase-shifting Tyman interferometer and experimental results^［105］