[1] [1] Abramov P I, Kuznetsovand E V, Kvortsov L A. Prospects of using quantum-cascade lasers in optoelectronic countermeasure systems: review[J]. Journal of Optical Technology, 2017, 84: 331.

[2] [2] Fan Jinxiang, Li Liang, Li Wenjun. Development of direct infrared countermeasure system and technology[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2015, 44(S3): 789-794. (in Chinese)

[3] [3] Northrop Grumman, Electronics Systems, Directional Infrared Countermeasures(DIRCM) Gallery.[2018-05-04]. http: //www.es.northropgrumman.com/solutions/nemesis/gallery.html

[4] [4] Northrop Grumman, Electronics Systems, Directional Infrared Countermeasures(DIRCM) Gallery.[2018-03-02]. http: //www.es.northropgrumman.com/solutions/nemesis/gallery.html.

[5] [5] Zhang Yuansheng, Xu Liang, Chen Fang, et al. Mid-infrared lasers used in airborne directed infrared countermeasures system and its key technologies[J]. Electronics Optics & Control, 2017, 24(5): 56-59. (in Chinese)

[6] [6] Schleijipen R M A, Heuvel J C, Mieremet AL, et al. Laser dazzling of focal plane array cameras[C]//Proc SPIE, 2007, 6738: 67380O.

[7] [7] Schleijipen R M A, Heuvel J C, Mieremet A L, et al. Laser dazzling of focal-plane-array cameras[C]//Proc SPIE, 2007, 6543: 65431B.

[8] [8] Andrew Sijan, Development of military lasers for optical countermeasures in The mid-IR[C]//Proc SPIE Technologies for Optical Countermeasures VI, 2009, 7483: 748304.

[9] [9] Ian Elder. Performance requirements for countermeasures lasers[C]//Proc SPIE Technologies for Optical Countermeasures VII, 2010, 7836: 783605.

[10] [10] Cornelius J Willers, Maria S Willers. Simulating the DIRCM engagement component and system level performance[C]//Proc SPIE, 2012, 8543: 85430M.

[11] [11] Li Lijuan, Bai Xiaodong, Liu Ke. Analysis of the key technologies for dual color IR imaging guidance of air-to-air missile[J]. Laser & Infrared, 2013, 43(9): 1036-1039. (in Chinese)

[12] [12] Lippert E, Fonnum H, Stenersen K. High power multi-wavelength infrared source; proceedings of the Security+ Defence, F[C]// International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2010.

[13] [13] Martin Schellhorn, Gerhard Spindler, Marc Eichhorn. Improvement of the beam quality of a high-pulse-energy mid-infrared fractionalimage-rotation-enhancement ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillator[J]. Opt Lett, 2017, 42: 1185.

[15] [15] Tauke-Pedretti A. Power sharing in dual-wavelength optically pumped midinfrared laser[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2009, 21(14): 1011-1013.

[16] [16] Hopkins J M. High-power(AlGaIn)(AsSb) semiconductor disk laser at 2.0 μm[J]. Optics Letters, 2008, 33(2): 201-203.

[17] [17] Kazarinov R F, Suris R A． Possibility of the amplification of electromagnetic waves in a semiconductor with a superlattice[J]. Sov Phys Semicond, 1971, 5(4): 707－709.

[18] [18] Jerome Faist, Federico Capasso, Sivco D L, et al. Quantum cascade laser[J]. Science, 1994, 264: 553-556.

[19] [19] Mattias Beck, Daniel Hofstetter, Thierry Aellen, et al.Continuous wave operation of a mid-infrared semiconductor laser at room temperature[J]. Science, 2002, 295: 301-305.

[20] [20] Alexei Tsekoun, Rowel Go, Michael Pushkarsky, et al.Improved performance of quantum cascade lasers through a scalable, manufacturable epitaxial-side-down mounting process[J]. Proc Nat Acad Sciences, 2006, 103: 4831-4835.

[21] [21] Kumar C, Patel N, Arkadiy Lyakh. High power quantum cascade lasers forinfrared countermeasures, targeting and illumination, beacons and standoff detection of explosives and CWAs[C]//Proc SPIE Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VII, 2015, 9467: 946702.

[22] [22] Manijeh Razeghi, Zhou Wenjia, Steven Slivken, et al. Recent progress of quantum cascade laser research from 3 to 12 μm at the Center for Quantum Devices[J]. Applied Optics, 2017, 56(31): H30-H44.

[23] [23] Heydari D, Bai Y, Bandyopadhyay N, et al. High brightness angled cavity quantum cascade lasers[J]. Appl Phys Lett, 2015, 106: 091105.

[24] [24] Hopkins J-M. High-power(AlGaIn)(AsSb) semiconductor disk laser at 2.0 μm[J]. Optics Letter, 2008, 33(2): 201-203.

[25] [25] Zhou W J, Bandyopadhyay N, Wu D H, et al. Monolithically, widely tunable quantum cascade lasers based on a heterogeneous active region design[J]. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 25213.

[26] [26] Bradshaw J L, Tober R L, Bruno J D, et al. Wavelength beam combined quantum cascade lasers for IRCM[C]// Proc SPIE Laser Technology for Defense and Security V, 2009, 7325: 73250K.

[27] [27] Liu Fengqi, Wang Zhanguo. Infrared quantum cascade lasers [J]. Physics, 2001, 30(10): 596－601. (in Chinese)

[28] [28] Song Shufang, Xing Weirong, Liu Ming. Theory and research advancement of quantum cascade lasers[J]. Laser & Infrared, 2013, 43(9): 972－976. (in Chinese)