[1] [1] Williams G. Filling the THz gap-high power sources and applications ［J］. Rep. Prog. Phys., 2006, 69: 301-326.

[2] [2] Reimann K. Table top sources of ultrashort THz pulses ［J］. Rep. Prog. Phys., 2007, 70: 1597-1632.

[3] [3] Jepsen P, Cooke D, Koch M. THz spectroscopy and imaging-modern techniques and applications ［J］. Laser Photonics Rev., 2011, 5(1): 124-166.

[7] [7] Chan W L, Deibel J, Mittleman D. Imaging with terahertz radiation ［J］. Rep. Prog. Phys., 2007, 70(8): 1325-1379.

[8] [8] Ulbricht R, Hendry E, Shan J, et al. Carrier dynamics in semiconductors studied with time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy ［J］. Rev. Mod. Phys., 2011, 83(2): 543.

[9] [9] Schmuttenmaer C. Exploring dynamics in the far-infrared with terahertz spectroscopy ［J］. Chem. Rev., 2004, 104: 1759-1779.

[10] [10] Ferguson B, Zhang X C. Materials for terahertz science and technology ［J］. Nat. Mater., 2002, 1: 26-33.

[12] [12] Hoffmann M, Fulop J. Intense ultrashort terahertz pulses: generation and applications ［J］. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 2011, 44: 083001.

[13] [13] Hebling J, Yeh Ka-lo, Hoffmann C, et al. High-power THz generation, THz nonlinear optics, and THz nonlinear spectroscopy ［J］. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 2008, 14: 345-353.

[16] [16] Wu Q, Zhang X C. Free-space electro-optic sampling of terahertz beams ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1995, 67(24): 3523-3525.

[17] [17] Nahata A, Auston D, Heinz T, et al. Coherent detection of freely propagation terahertz radiation by electro-optic sampling ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1996, 68(2): 150-152.

[18] [18] Jepsen P, Winnewisser C, Schall M, et al. Detection of THz pulses by phase retardation in lithium tantalite ［J］. Phys. Rev. E, 1996, 53(4): 538.

[19] [19] Smith F, Le H, Diadiuk V, et al. Picosecond GaAs-based photoconductive optoelectronic detectors ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1989, 54(10): 890-892.

[20] [20] Fattinger C, Grischkowsky D. Point sources terahertz optics ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1989, 53(16): 1480-1482.

[21] [21] Jiang Z, Zhang X C. Electro-optic measurement of THz field pulse with a chirped optical beam ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1998, 72(16): 1945-1947.

[22] [22] Shang J, Weling A, Knoesel E, et al. Single-shot measurement of terahertz electromagnetic pulses by use of electro-optic sampling ［J］. Opt. Lett., 2000, 25(6): 426-428.

[23] [23] Steven J, Shen Jingling, Macleod A, et al. High-temporal-resolution, single-shot characterization of terahertz pulses ［J］. Opt. Lett., 2003, 28(18): 1710-1712.

[24] [24] Dai Jianming, Xie Xu, et al. Detection of broadband terahertz waves with a laser induced plasma in gas ［J］. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2006, 97(10): 103903.

[25] [25] Karpowicz N, Dai Jianming, Lu Xiaofei, et al. Coherent heterodyne time-domain spectrometry coving the entire THz gap ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 92(1): 011131.

[26] [26] Becker E, Farrar T. Fourier transform spectroscopy ［J］. Science, 1972, 178: 361-368.

[27] [27] Chen Q, Tani M, Jiang Zhiping, et al. Electro-optic transceivers for terahertz wave applications ［J］. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 2001, 18(6): 823-831.

[28] [28] Wu Q, Zhang X C. 7 terahertz broadband GaP electro-optic sensor ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997, 70(14): 1784-1786.

[29] [29] Wu Q, Zhang X C. Ultrafast electro-optic field sensors ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1996, 68(12): 1604-1606.

[30] [30] Dai Jianming, Liu Jingle, et al. Terahertz wave air photonics: Terahertz wave generation and detection with laser-induce gas plasma ［J］. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 2011, 17(1): 183-190.

[31] [31] Dai Jianming, Clough B, Ho I-Chen, et al. Recent progress in terahertz wave air photonics ［J］. IEEE Tran. on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2011, 1(1): 274-281.

[32] [32] Sheng Zhengming, Wu Huichun, Wang Weimin, et al. Simulation of high power THz emission from laser interaction with tenuous plasma and a gas targets ［J］. Commun. Comput. Phys., 2008, 4(5): 1258-1278.

[33] [33] Chin S L, Theberge F, Liu W. Filamentation nonlinear optics ［J］. Appl. Phys. B, 2007, 86: 477-483.

[34] [34] Couairon A, Mysyrowicz A. Femtosecond filamentation in transparent media ［J］. Phys. Rep., 2007, 441: 47-189.

[35] [35] Auston D, Cheung K, Smith P. Picosecond photoconducting Hertzian dipoles ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1984, 54(3): 284-286.

[36] [36] Smith P, Auston D, Nuss M. Subpicosecond photoconducting dipole antennas ［J］. IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 1988, 24(2): 255-262.

[37] [37] Darrow J, Zhang X C, Auston D. Power scaling of large-aperture photoconducting antennas ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1991, 58(1): 25-27.

[38] [38] Darrow J, Zhang X C, Auston D. Saturation properties of large aperture photoconducting antennas ［J］. IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 1992, 28(6): 1607-1616.

[39] [39] Grischkowsky D, Keiding S, Exter M, et al. Far-infrared time domain spectrocopy with THz beams of dielectrics and semiconductors ［J］. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 1990, 7(10): 2006-2015.

[40] [40] Tani M, Matsuura S, Sakai K, et al. Emission characteristics of photoconductive antennas based on low temperature grown GaAs and semi-insulating GaAs ［J］. Appl. Opt., 1997, 3(30): 7853-7859.

[41] [41] Klatt G, Hilser F, Qiao W, et al. Terahertz emission from lateral photo-Dember currents ［J］. Opt. Expr., 2010, 18(5): 4939-4947.

[43] [43] Reid M, Fedosejevs R. Terahertz emission from (100) InAs surfaces at high excitation fluencies ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2005, 8(1): 011906.

[44] [44] Gu Ping, Tani M, Kono S, et al. Study of terahertz radiation from InAs and InSb ［J］. J. Appl. Phys., 2002, 91(9): 5533538.

[45] [45] Heyman J, Neocleous P, Hebert D, et al. Terahertz emission from GaAs and InAs in a magnetic field ［J］. Phys. Rev. B, 2001, 64(8): 085202.

[46] [46] Xu L, Zhang X C, Auston D. THz beam generation by femtosecond optical pulse in electro-optic materials ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1992, 61(15): 1784-1788.

[47] [47] Loffler T, Hahn T, Thomson M, et al. Large-area electro-optic ZnTe terahertz emitters ［J］. Opt. Expr., 2005, 13(14): 5353362.

[49] [49] Zhang X C, Jin Y, Ma X F. Coherent measurement of THz optical rectification from electro-optic crystals ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1992, 61(23): 2764-2766.

[50] [50] Hebling J, Stepanov A, Almasi G, et al. Tunable THz pulse generation by optical rectification of ultrashort laser pulses with tilted pulse fronts ［J］. Appl. Phys. B, 2004, 78: 59399.

[51] [51] Fulop J, Palfalvi L, Almasi G, et al. Design of high energy terahertz sources based on optical rectification ［J］. Opt. Expr., 2010, 18(12): 12311-12317.

[52] [52] Yeh K L, Hoffmann M, et al. Generation of 10 μJ ultrashort terahertz pulses by optical rectification ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2007, 90(17): 171121.

[53] [53] Bakunov M, Bodrov S, Mashkovich E. Terahertz generation with tilted-front laser pulses: Dynamics theory for low-absorbing crystals ［J］. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 2011, 28(7): 1724-1734.

[54] [54] Hirori H, Doi A, Blanchard F, et al. Single-cycle terahertz pulses with amplitudes exceeding 1 MV/cm generated by optical rectification in LiNbO3 ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2011, 98(9): 091106.

[55] [55] Hamster H, Sullivan A, Gordon S, et al. Subpicosecond electromagnetic pulses from intense laser plasma interaction ［J］. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1993, 71(17): 2725-2728.

[56] [56] Cook D, Hochstrasser R. Intense THz pulses by four wave rectification in air ［J］. Opt. Lett., 2000, 25(16): 1210-1212.

[57] [57] Amico C, Houard A, Franco M, et al. Conical forward THz emission from femtosecond laser beam filamentation in air ［J］. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2007, 98(23): 235002.

[58] [58] Xie Xu, Dai Jianming, Zhang X C. Coherent control of THz wave generation in ambient air ［J］. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2006, 9(7): 075005.

[59] [59] Bartel T, Gaal P, et al. Generation of single cycle THz transients with high electric field amplitudes ［J］. Opt. Lett., 2005, 30(20): 2805-2807.

[60] [60] Kim K, Glownia J, Taylor A, et al. THz emission from ultrafast ionizing air in symmetry-broken laser fields ［J］. Opt. Expr., 2007, 15(8): 4577-4584.

[61] [61] Karpowicz N, Zhang X C. Coherent terahertz echo of tunnel ionization in gases ［J］. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2009, 102(9): 093001.

[62] [62] Dietze D, Darmo J, Roither S, et al. Polarization of THz radiation from laser generated plasma filaments ［J］. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 2009, 2(11): 2016-2027.

[63] [63] Wen Haidan, et al. Coherent terahertz polarization control through manipulation of electron trajectories ［J］. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2009, 103(2): 023902.

[64] [64] Du H W, Peng X Y, Zhang K Y, et al. THz radiation from air plasma produced with aperture-limited two-color lasers ［J］. Terahertz Science & Technology, 2011, 4: 46-49.

[65] [65] Karpowicz N, Lu Xiaofei, Zhang X C. Terahertz gas photonics ［J］. J. Modern Optics, 2009, 5(10): 1137-1150.

[66] [66] Du H W, Chen M, Sheng Z M, et al. Numerical studies on terahertz radiation generated from two-color laser pulse interaction with gas targets ［J］. Laser. Part. Beams, 2011, 29: 447-452.

[67] [67] Babushkin I, Kuehn W, Kohler C, et al. Ultrafast spatiotemporal dynamics of terahertz generation by ionizing two-color femtosecond pulses in gases ［J］. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2010, 105(6): 053903.

[68] [68] Thomson M, Kreβ M, Loffler T, et al. Broadband THz emission from gas plasmas induced by femtosecond optical pulses: From fundamentals to applications ［J］. Laser & Photon. Rev., 2007, 1(5): 349-368.

[69] [69] Wang Tiejun, Chen Yanping, Marceau C, et al. High energy THz emission from two color laser induced filamentation in air with pump pulse duration control ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2009, 95(13): 131108.

[70] [70] Blanchard F, Sharma G, Ropagnol X, et al. Improved terahertz two-color plasma sources pumped by high intensity laser beam ［J］. Opt. Expr., 2009, 17(8): 6044-6052.

[71] [71] Peng Xiaoyu, Li Chun, Chen Min, et al. Strong terahertz radiation from air plasmas generated by an aperture limited Gaussian pump laser beam ［J］. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2009, 94(10): 101502.

[72] [72] Rodriguez G, Dakovski G. Scaling behavior of ultrafast two-color THz generation in plasma gas targets energy and pressure dependence ［J］. Opt. Expr., 2010, 18(14): 15130-15143.