The random metal grid transparent conductive film is a metal grid transparent conductive film with irregular structure, which has good light transmission and electrical conductivity. Compared with the regular structure metal grid transparent conductive film, the random metal grid transparent conductive film has better optical diffraction performance under the premise of the same optoelectronic performance. In addition, the random grid transparent conductive film based on the crack template method has obvious cost-effective advantages compared with the traditional metal grid transparent conductive film, so it has attracted much attention. The performance, research status, related preparation technology, and the latest research progress of random metal grid transparent conductive films with three structures of artificial random network, bionic random network, and self-splitting random network are discussed in detail. On this basis, the related applications of random grid transparent conductive films are introduced. Finally, the future research priority and development direction of random grid transparent conductive films are prospected.