Fig. 1. Experimental device. (a) Schematic diagram of modulation light-out; (b) schematic diagram of planar scanning welding

Fig. 2. Change chart of output orifice during 1-20 ms

Fig. 3. Change curve of output orifice during 1-20 ms

Fig. 4. Effect of light-out time on pore/depth

Fig. 5. Variation of hole depth/penetration with light-out time under different laser powers

Fig. 6. Variation of hole depth/penetration with light-out time at different velocities

Fig. 7. Variation of hole depth/penetration with light-out time under different defocusing amounts

Fig. 8. Surface of low carbon steel weld by plate scanning welding

Fig. 9. Metallogram of longitudinal cutting at the initial position of weld

Fig. 10. Stable penetration formation time and characteristic action time at different velocities

Fig. 11. Stable penetration formation time and characteristic action time for different powers