Fig. 1. The MiniPix detector equipped with a Timepix chip^[14]

Fig. 2. Structure of the Allpix²

Fig. 3. Principle schematic of Timepix

Fig. 4. Pixelated cluster produced by proton beams in vertical incidence with different energy

Fig. 5. Charge cluster distribution produced by proton beams in different energy ranges

Fig. 6. Energy distribution of cluster charge, with the full width at half maximum (FWHM) selected as the error bars

Fig. 7. Angular distribution of cluster charge and cluster size