Fig. 1. Microstructure of Ni-Cr alloy welds. (a) Microstructure near the fusion line and in the weld center^[19]; (b) The effect of welding velocity on weld dendrites^[24]; (c) The effect of laser power on microstructure of welds^[25]; (d) Prediction of microstructure^[26]

Fig. 2. Microstructure of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy welds. (a) Microstructure of Hastelloy C-276 base metal, heat affected zone and weld center^[27-28]; (b) Microstructure of Hastelloy X weld edge^[29]; (c) The phase field simulation of columnar grains in weld^[30]; (d) EBSD microstructure of base metal and the weld with or without ultrasonic vibration^[31]

Fig. 3. The precipitation phase in nickel-based alloy welds. (a) The Laves phase in the Inconel 718 weld^[33]; (b) The effect of heat input on the precipitation phase of the Inconel 617 weld^[24]; (c) The effect of ultrasonic vibration on the precipitation phase in Hastelloy C-276 welds^[31]

Fig. 4. Microhardness of the welded joint with different heat input^[23]

Fig. 5. Tensile properties of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy welded joints. (a) Fracture surfaces of Ni-Cr alloy base metal and weld^[46]; (b) Tensile strength with different heat input^[23]; (c) Fracture surfaces of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy base metal and weld^[45]

Fig. 6. High temperature tensile properties of nickel-based alloy. (a) The Laves phase in the weld of Ni-Cr alloy before and after high temperature tensile test^[47]; (b) Curves of tensile strength of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy welded joints in different temperatures^[43]; (c) Fracture surfaces of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy welded joint in 400 °C^[43]

Fig. 7. Fatigue proporty of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy welded joint^[48]. (a) S-N curves for base metal and welded joints; (b) Fatigue fracture furface of the weld (cycling at 700 MPa)

Fig. 8. Corrosion properties of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy^[27]. (a) Corrosion morphology of the base metal and the weld (in NaCl solution); (b) Polarization curves in NaCl solution; (c) Polarization curves in acid solution; (d) Polarization curves in alkaline solution

Fig. 9. Morphology and microstructure of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy welded joints in laser welding with filler wire. (a) Morphology of the welded joint^[57]; (b) Microstructure in edge and center of the reinforcement^[57]; (c) Microstructure of the weld center, fusion line and transition fusion zone^[57]; (d) Microstructure with the pulse duration of 4 ms^[46]; (e) Microstructure with the pulse duration of 8 ms^[46]; (f) Microstructure with the pulse frequency of 50 Hz^[46]; (g) Microstructure with the pulse frequency of 90 Hz^[46]

Fig. 10. Microstructure of the Ni-Cr-Mo alloy weld of laser welding with filler wire. (a) Precipitate chain in the weld^[61]; (b) The effect of pulse duration on the segregation of Mo^[61]; (c) The effect of pulse frequency on segregation of Mo^[61]; (d) Microstructure of the weld without low temperature cooling process^[60]; (e) Microstructure of the weld with low temperature cooling process^[60]

Fig. 11. Microstructure of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy welded joints of laser welding with filler wire^[57]

Fig. 12. Fatigue property of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy welded joints of laser welding with filler wire^[64]. (a) Fracture surfaces near welds; (b) The crack that initiated from the weld toe propogates in the direction of thickness

Fig. 13. Cavitation erosion property of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy welded joint ^[66]. (a) The morphology of the weld after cavitation erosion; (b) Cavitation eroded grain boundary in the weld; (c) Cavitation eroded twin boundary in base metal

Fig. 14. Finite element simulation of welding deformation^[69]. (a) Simulation results; (b) Measurement results

Fig. 15. Suppressed welding deformation with in-site high frequency peening^[70]. (a), (d) Without peening; (b), (e) Peening after welding; (c), (f) In-site peening in welding

Fig. 16. Welding deformation of Hastelloy C-276 sheet. (a) Effect of linear energy density on deflection^[62]; (b) Effect of the relative wire speed on the deflection^[62]; (c) Residual deformation without heat sink^[71]; (d) Residual deformation with the flow rate of 48 mL/min^[71]; (e) Residual deformation with the flow rate of 68 mL/min^[71]