High Power Laser and Particle Beams, Volume. 34, Issue 2, 026009(2022)

Study of annual tritium discharge in pressurized water reactor based on historical data

Pengtao Fu1... Mingliang Dai1, Zhaowen Zhu2, Xinhua Liu2, Lan Fang2 and Chunyan Xu2 |Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China
  • 2Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100082, China
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    Figures & Tables(8)
    Quarter reactor JMCT model
    Comparison between calculated and measured values of tritium production by neutron activation
    Comparison between calculated and measured values of tritium production (1% released from fuel)
    Comparison between calculated and measured values of tritium production of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant
    Schematic diagram of SNS in double-layer stainless steel cladding
    Variation of tritium discharge from French 900 MWe PWR
    • Table 1. Nuclear reaction of tritium production in PWR

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      Table 1. Nuclear reaction of tritium production in PWR

      regionnuclear reaction
      fuel$ {\text{U/Pu}} + {}_0^1{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{}}{\text{FP1 + FP2}} + {}_1^3{\text{H}} $
      boric acid(primary coolant)$ {}_{\text{5}}^{{\text{10}}}{\text{B + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{({\text{n,2α}} )}}}{\text{2}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $$ {}_{\text{5}}^{{\text{10}}}{\text{B + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,nα )}}}}{}_{\text{3}}^{\text{6}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n + }}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He}} $$ {}_{\text{3}}^{\text{6}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,α )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $$ {}_{\text{5}}^{{\text{10}}}{\text{B + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,α )}}}}{}_{\text{3}}^{\text{7}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He}} $$ {}_{\text{3}}^{\text{7}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,nα )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $
      $ {}_{\text{5}}^{{\text{11}}}{\text{B + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,T)}}}}{}_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}{\text{Be + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $$ {}_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}{\text{Be + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,α )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{6}}{\text{He}} $$ {}_{\text{2}}^{\text{6}}{\text{He}}\xrightarrow{{\text{β }}}{}_{\text{3}}^{\text{6}}{\text{Li + }}_{ - 1}^{\text{0}}{\text{e}} $$ {}_{\text{3}}^{\text{6}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,α )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $$ {}_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}{\text{Be + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,T)}}}}{}_{\text{3}}^{\text{7}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $$ {}_{\text{3}}^{\text{7}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,nα )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $
      lithium hydroxide(primary coolant)$ {}_{\text{3}}^{\text{6}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,α )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $$ {}_{\text{3}}^{\text{7}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,nα )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $
      deuterium(primary coolant)$ {}_{\text{1}}^{\text{2}}{\text{H + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,γ )}}}}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $
      antimony-beryllium in SNS$ {}_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}{\text{Be + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,α )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{6}}{\text{He}} $$ {}_{\text{2}}^{\text{6}}{\text{He}}\xrightarrow{{\text{β }}}{}_{\text{3}}^{\text{6}}{\text{Li}} $$ {}_{\text{3}}^{\text{6}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,α )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $$ {}_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}{\text{Be + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,T)}}}}{}_{\text{3}}^{\text{7}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $$ {}_{\text{3}}^{\text{7}}{\text{Li + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{(n,nα )}}}}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}{\text{He + }}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}{\text{n + }}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{3}}{\text{H}} $
    • Table 2. Relative contribution of expected tritium production in different reactor

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      Table 2. Relative contribution of expected tritium production in different reactor

      originrelative contribution/%
      EPRAP1000VVER
      fuel03122
      boric acid and lithium hydroxide836977
      SNS170
      total100100100
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    Pengtao Fu, Mingliang Dai, Zhaowen Zhu, Xinhua Liu, Lan Fang, Chunyan Xu. Study of annual tritium discharge in pressurized water reactor based on historical data[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2022, 34(2): 026009

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    Paper Information

    Category: Monte Carlo Methods and Applications

    Received: Sep. 6, 2021

    Accepted: Jan. 13, 2022

    Published Online: Jan. 26, 2022

    The Author Email:

    DOI:10.11884/HPLPB202234.210399

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