Fig. 1. Cyclic wavelength routing characteristic of AWGR

Fig. 2. AA architecture

Fig. 3. Line card design for single-wavelength input

Fig. 4. Line card design for WDM input

Fig. 5. TWC module

Fig. 6. Single-wavelength input implementation of optical network based on AWGR and TWC

Fig. 7. WDM input implementation of optical network based on AWGR and TWC

Fig. 8. Simplified buffer module

Fig. 9. Comparison of theoretical results and simulation results

Fig. 10. Simulation results of single-wavelength input under different network sizes. (a) Throughput; (b) end-to-end latency

Fig. 11. Simulation results of single-wavelength input under different FDL distributions. (a) Throughput; (b) end-to-end latency

Fig. 12. Simulation results of single-wavelength input under different numbers of TWC. (a) Throughput; (b) end-to-end latency; (c) packet loss probability

Fig. 13. Simulation results of single-wavelength input under different traffic patterns. (a) Throughput; (b) end-to-end latency

Fig. 14. Simulation results of WDM input under different network sizes. (a) Throughput; (b) end-to-end latency

Fig. 15. Simulation results of WDM input under different FDL distributions. (a) Throughput; (b) end-to-end latency

Fig. 16. Simulation results of WDM input under different FDL patterns. (a) Throughput; (b) end-to-end latency