Fig. 1. Original healthy retinal fundus image and image after edge detection. (a) Original healthy retinal fundus image;(b) image after edge detection

Fig. 2. Original image, and components of B, G, and R channels. (a) Original image;(b) B channel component;(c) G channel component; (d) R channel component

Fig. 3. Original neural network structure, and network structure with Dropout. (a) Original neural network structure; (b) network structure with Dropout

Fig. 4. Transformed dataset image

Fig. 5. Residual module

Fig. 6. Traditional Inception module

Fig. 7. Bottleneck structure of 1×1

Fig. 8. Optimized Inception module

Fig. 9. Inception module with ResNet

Fig. 10. Sigmoid function and ReLU function. (a) Sigmoid function; (b) ReLU function

Fig. 11. Loss and average accuracy curves of training with DetectionNet model. (a) Average accuracy; (b) loss