Journal of Geographical Sciences, Volume. 30, Issue 5, 724(2020)
Spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of urban green development efficiency in China
Figures & Tables(8)
Fig. 2. The decomposition of the Theil index of UGDE in different regions of China
Fig. 3. The multi-level evolution of UGDE in urban agglomerations of China from 2005 to 2015
Fig. 4. The UGDE in multi-level urban agglomerations from 2005 to 2015
Table 1.
The evaluation of UGDE in China
View tableView in ArticleTable 1.
The evaluation of UGDE in China
Type First level indicators Second level indicators Third level indicators Input Capital Fixed capital stock Total social fixed capital investment Labor Number of unit employers Number of unit employees at the end of the year Technology Number of patent authorizations Number of patent applications granted by region Resources Water, land, and energy consumption Total water supply, urban built-up area, total electricity consumption Artificial and natural gas supply, liquefied gas supply Output Desirable output Economic benefits GDP (constant price in 2005) Social benefits Average wage of urban employees, total retail sales of consumer goods Environmental benefits Area of urban green space, percentage cover of green space, utilization rate of industrial solid waste centralized treatment rate of sewage treatment plants, treatment rate of harmless domestic garbage Undesirable output Environmental pollution Amount of industrial wastewater, amount of industrial SO2 emitted, amount of industrial dust emitted
Table 2.
The spatial Markov transfer matrix of UGDE from 2005 to 2015
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The spatial Markov transfer matrix of UGDE from 2005 to 2015
Type 2005-2008 2008-2009 2009-2015 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 1 0.847 0.097 0.028 0.028 0.762 0.119 0.071 0.048 0.844 0.131 0.010 0.015 2 0.292 0.477 0.200 0.031 0.190 0.238 0.476 0.095 0.202 0.551 0.191 0.056 3 0.167 0.250 0.417 0.167 0.167 0.417 0.250 0.167 0.000 0.275 0.625 0.100 4 0.111 0.111 0.222 0.556 0.222 0.000 0.000 0.778 0.034 0.052 0.190 0.724 2 1 0.674 0.304 0.022 0.000 0.357 0.500 0.071 0.071 0.805 0.161 0.011 0.023 2 0.250 0.515 0.176 0.059 0.154 0.346 0.385 0.115 0.167 0.592 0.225 0.017 3 0.118 0.196 0.549 0.137 0.045 0.091 0.500 0.364 0.016 0.203 0.626 0.154 4 0.000 0.043 0.087 0.870 0.000 0.000 0.222 0.778 0.010 0.051 0.153 0.786 3 1 0.740 0.260 0.000 0.000 0.455 0.364 0.091 0.091 0.692 0.282 0.013 0.013 2 0.280 0.480 0.200 0.040 0.176 0.294 0.471 0.059 0.130 0.652 0.174 0.043 3 0.082 0.219 0.548 0.151 0.077 0.231 0.308 0.385 0.017 0.182 0.645 0.157 4 0.019 0.074 0.148 0.759 0.000 0.100 0.200 0.700 0.009 0.026 0.183 0.783 4 1 0.833 0.133 0.033 0.000 0.600 0.400 0.000 0.000 0.838 0.162 0.000 0.000 2 0.207 0.517 0.241 0.034 0.056 0.389 0.556 0.000 0.120 0.652 0.163 0.065 3 0.049 0.246 0.557 0.148 0.000 0.111 0.500 0.389 0.010 0.286 0.480 0.224 4 0.000 0.010 0.237 0.753 0.000 0.042 0.042 0.917 0.000 0.031 0.221 0.748
Table 3.
The estimation of the factors influencing UGDE in China
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The estimation of the factors influencing UGDE in China
Variable Model (1) Z valueModel (2) Z valueModel (3) Z valueHuman and social factors rgdp 0.025*** 3.68 0.030*** 4.20 rgdp2 0.013*** 3.68 0.015*** 4.20 is 0.087* 1.55 0.089* 1.58 fdi 0.007** 2.07 0.005* 1.50 te -0.439*** -6.64 -0.453*** -6.84 Natural background factors tem 0.005** 2.32 0.007*** 3.21 pre -0.004 -0.67 -0.001 -0.40 eq 0.0001 0.28 0.0004 0.38 ndvi 0.119* 1.67 -0.027 1.01 C 0.212*** -3.71 0.723*** -3.62 0.099*** 1.01 Correlation test sigma_u 0.181 0.187 0.178 sigma_e 0.139 0.141 0.139 rho 0.628 0.638 0.621 likelihood ratio test 1305.72 1262.74 1312.67
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Liang ZHOU, Chenghu ZHOU, Lei CHE, Bao WANG. Spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of urban green development efficiency in China[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(5): 724
Paper Information
Category: Research Articles
Received: Jan. 5, 2020
Accepted: Feb. 17, 2020
Published Online: Sep. 30, 2020
The Author Email: CHE Lei (cheleigeo@126.com)
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