Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 43, Issue 12, 1201002(2023)
Underwater Image Restoration Based on Quadtree Hierarchical Search and Transmittance Optimization
Figures & Tables(16)
Fig. 3. Background light estimation results. (a) High brightness image; (b) close image; (c) distant image
Fig. 4. Refinement results. (a) Original image; (b) back scattering component transmittance; (c) refinement results of back scattering component transmittance
Fig. 5. Image transmittance results. (a) Original image; (b) back scattering component transmittance; (c) direct component transmittance of red channel; (d) direct component transmittance of green channel; (e) direct component transmittance of blue channel
Fig. 7. Partial dataset images used in the experiment. (a) Color distortion images; (b) fog images; (c) images with artificial light; (d) reference images
Fig. 8. Results of ablation experiment. (a) Original images; (b) w/o TM; (c) w/o LLT; (d) w/o TM & LLT; (e) proposed method
Fig. 9. Comparison of color correction results. (a) Original image; (b) RDCP; (c) UDCP; (d) GDCP; (e) LBLA; (f) RWRH;(g) proposed method
Fig. 10. Color difference comparison test results of each color block of the standard color palette
Fig. 11. Comparison of color distortion images. (a) Original images; (b) RDCP; (c) UDCP; (d) GDCP; (e) LBLA; (f) RWRH;(g) proposed method
Fig. 12. Comparison of atomization images. (a) Original images; (b) RDCP; (c) UDCP; (d) GDCP; (e) LBLA; (f) RWRH;(g) proposed method
Fig. 13. Comparison of images exposed to artificial light. (a) Original images; (b) RDCP; (c) UDCP; (d) GDCP; (e) LBLA; (f) RWRH;(g) proposed method
Table 1. Quantitative evaluation results of UIQM index
View tableTable 1. Quantitative evaluation results of UIQM index
Image No. Original RDCP UDCP GDCP LBLA RWRH Proposed Average 1.7122 3.7338 2.5253 1.8924 1.1641 1.0411 4.4181 1 0.5803 3.8156 2.9091 0.0448 1.2660 1.1984 4.9269 2 1.5153 4.8464 1.4402 1.3559 1.1981 1.0347 5.0406 3 3.1570 3.9106 3.5585 5.0758 1.3601 1.2397 4.4701 4 2.0576 3.5915 3.3891 2.5204 0.7471 0.7359 4.0040 5 2.5273 3.7141 2.6706 1.9531 1.5134 1.1315 4.2791 6 0.4356 2.5247 1.1845 0.4042 0.8999 0.9064 3.7879
Table 2. Quantitative evaluation results of NIQE index
View tableTable 2. Quantitative evaluation results of NIQE index
Image No. Original RDCP UDCP GDCP LBLA RWRH Proposed Average 5.5280 4.6216 4.9451 4.0953 4.2531 4.5932 3.8408 1 4.3694 3.7608 4.4438 3.3513 3.5237 3.8841 2.9661 2 7.9489 5.4665 7.3776 5.2037 4.8776 4.9649 4.7370 3 2.5498 2.4191 2.2614 2.1149 2.3179 2.4336 2.0462 4 7.7675 5.5617 5.3319 4.9357 5.3731 5.6443 4.7192 5 6.0356 5.9184 5.9872 4.8841 5.2457 6.0016 4.9291 6 4.4971 4.6032 4.2685 4.0821 4.1805 4.6308 3.6473
Table 3. Quantitative evaluation results of entropy index
View tableTable 3. Quantitative evaluation results of entropy index
Image No. Original RDCP UDCP GDCP LBLA RWRH Proposed Average 7.1082 7.2493 6.4208 7.2526 7.1115 7.0640 7.5604 1 7.3555 7.3477 5.9985 7.4607 7.3682 6.9092 7.4924 2 6.7400 6.9671 6.5819 6.9766 6.9899 6.7502 7.4372 3 7.3035 7.2526 7.4306 7.7030 7.5638 6.9302 7.6081 4 6.6763 7.1024 6.9050 6.9757 7.4490 7.0918 7.4884 5 7.4079 7.5274 6.1195 7.3906 6.5641 7.5039 7.6971 6 7.1657 7.2985 5.4894 7.0088 6.7342 7.1984 7.6443
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Qimeng Qiu, Yajia Zhang, Zhiqiang Gao, Jianlong Shao. Underwater Image Restoration Based on Quadtree Hierarchical Search and Transmittance Optimization[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2023, 43(12): 1201002
Paper Information
Category: Atmospheric Optics and Oceanic Optics
Received: Aug. 11, 2022
Accepted: Oct. 10, 2022
Published Online: Jun. 20, 2023
The Author Email: Shao Jianlong (sj-long@163.com)
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