Researching | Real-Time Detection of Small Targets Based on Lightweight YOLOv4

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 60, Issue 6, 0610009(2023)

Real-Time Detection of Small Targets Based on Lightweight YOLOv4

Yuqing Liu, Jiarong Sui^*, Xing Wei, Zhonglin Zhang, and Yan Zhou

Author Affiliations

College of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

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Figures&Tables (14)

References (25)

Paper Information

Figures & Tables(14)

Fig. 1. Picture obtained from experiments

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Fig. 2. Coordinate distribution map of each point

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Fig. 3. Improved network structure diagram

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Fig. 4. Relationship between number of iterations and change of $γ$ between channels

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Fig. 5. Knowledge distillation flowchart

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Fig. 6. Distribution of input and predicted values at different temperatures

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Fig. 7. Texture maps in feeding and after feeding. (a) Texture map in feeding; (b) texture map after feeding

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Fig. 8. Edge detection maps in feeding and after feeding. (a) Edge detection map during feeding; (b) edge detection map after feeding

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Fig. 9. Training data of knowledge distillation network

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Fig. 10. F1-score after F-YOLO pruning distillation

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Fig. 11. P-R curve of F-YOLO after pruning distillation

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Table 1. F-YOLO pruning and distillation results
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Table 1. F-YOLO pruning and distillation results
Network model Pruning Distillation Parameter /MB FLOPs /10⁹ mAP
YOLOv4 117.0 155.1 0.765
F-YOLO 40.4 51.2 0.883
F-YOLO √ 13.7 16.4 0.872
F-YOLO √ √ 13.7 16.4 0.943

Table 2. Loss function test results based on YOLOv4
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Table 2. Loss function test results based on YOLOv4
Loss AP AP75
IoU DIoU IoU DIoU
$L_{I o U}^{}$ 46.57 45.82 49.82 48.76
$L_{G I o U}$ 47.73 46.88 52.20 51.05
$L_{D I o U}$ 48.10 47.38 52.82 51.88
$L_{C I o U}$ 49.21 48.42 54.28 52.87
$L_{D I o U} (N M S)$ 49.32 48.54 54.74 54.30

Table 3. Comparison of feeding intensity detection by different detection methods
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Table 3. Comparison of feeding intensity detection by different detection methods
Method Meansquare error /10² Recognition accuracy /%
Based on shape features 6.45 96.28
Based on color features 7.78 96.97
Proposed method 3.64 99.13

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Yuqing Liu, Jiarong Sui, Xing Wei, Zhonglin Zhang, Yan Zhou. Real-Time Detection of Small Targets Based on Lightweight YOLOv4[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(6): 0610009

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Paper Information

Category: Image Processing

Received: Nov. 10, 2021

Accepted: Jan. 17, 2022

Published Online: Mar. 16, 2023

The Author Email: Sui Jiarong (1120987443@qq.com)

DOI:10.3788/LOP212923

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology