Cervical cancer is the fourth incidence rate of cancer in women. If we can diagnose cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia early, we can greatly improve survival. The existing diagnostic techniques have the problems of high false-positive rate, low specificity, low sensitivity, time-consuming and high price. Raman spectroscopy is a new and reliable technology which can analyze the molecular structure of substances and the chemical composition of human tissues. In medical research, Raman imaging has been successfully applied to nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, renal tumor, cerebral cancer, etc. This review summarizes the key research of Raman spectroscopy in cervical cancer in the recent five years. Raman technology has been used in the study of cervical cancer for decades. In the past five years, we have studied the influence of inflammatory factors on the diagnosis, the differentiation of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. This review summarizes the literature in recent five years from histology in vivo, histology in vitro, cytology and blood. It also summarizes the data processing methods, excitation wavelength, Raman wave number, and representative substances. The existing literature has proved that the specificity and accuracy of Raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of cervical cancer can reach more than 90%, which is no less than the traditional hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Compared with HE staining, Raman technology has the advantages of no staining, no fixation, less demand for professionals, faster and so on, which provides another feasibility for the diagnosis of cervical cancer. However, more research and evidence are needed to fully demonstrate the role of Raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of cervical cancer before it is used in the clinic. We are also looking forward to more samples and more research.