Fig. 1. Device diagram of the MCC-1 method

Fig. 2. Optical images of samples with corrosion time of 1 d: (a) 0 kGy; (b) 8 kGy; (c) 800 kGy

Fig. 3. Optical images of samples with corrosion time of 3 d: (a) 0 kGy; (b) 8 kGy; (c) 800 kGy

Fig. 4. Surface images of NBS glass with corrosion time of 1 d and 3 d at an absorbed dose of 800 kGy

Fig. 5. Optical microscopy images of glass with corrosion time of 5 d: (a) the outer surface of the front layer; (b) the inner surface of the front layer; (c) the bottom layer

Fig. 6. Macroscopic morphology (left) and SEMs (right) with corrosion time of 7 d: group A and group B represent the outer surface and the inner surface of the front layer, respectively, and group C represents the outer surface of the inner layer

Fig. 7. Cross-sectional EDS images of NBS glass with corrosion time of 7 d, where the carbon element originates from the resin used in sample preparation

Fig. 8. Elemental normalized mass losses (Q_i) of NBS glass samples: (a) 0 kGy; (b) 800 kGy

Fig. 9. Elemental normalized leaching rate (R_N,i) of NBS glass samples: (a) 0 kGy; (b) 800 kGy