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Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 43, Issue 1, 0113001(2023)

Inverse Design of Optical Couplers with Arbitrary Splitting Ratio Based on Boundary Inverse Optimization Algorithm

Junpeng Liao1, Ye Tian1、*, Zirong Yang1, Zhe Kang2, Ziwei Zheng3, Qinghui Jin1, and Xiaowei Zhang1
Author Affiliations
  • 1Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
  • 2College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
  • 3Digital Industry Research Institute, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (11)
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    References (32)
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    Figures & Tables(11)
    Schematic diagram of boundary optimization based on adjoint method. (a) First forward transmission simulation; (b) boundary change of coupler; (c) second inverse transmission simulation

    Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of boundary optimization based on adjoint method. (a) First forward transmission simulation; (b) boundary change of coupler; (c) second inverse transmission simulation

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    Flow chart of designing optical coupler with arbitrary splitting ratio based on principle of adjoint boundary optimization

    Fig. 2. Flow chart of designing optical coupler with arbitrary splitting ratio based on principle of adjoint boundary optimization

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    FOM evolution curves of three couplers.(a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler; (c) 1∶8 coupler

    Fig. 3. FOM evolution curves of three couplers.(a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler; (c) 1∶8 coupler

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    Geometry of three couplers. (a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler; (c) 1∶8 coupler

    Fig. 4. Geometry of three couplers. (a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler; (c) 1∶8 coupler

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    Electric field distribution of three couplers at wavelength of 1550 nm. (a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler; (c) 1∶8 coupler

    Fig. 5. Electric field distribution of three couplers at wavelength of 1550 nm. (a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler; (c) 1∶8 coupler

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    Transmission efficiency curves for three couplers at wavelength range of 1500-1600 nm. (a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler;(c) 1∶8 coupler

    Fig. 6. Transmission efficiency curves for three couplers at wavelength range of 1500-1600 nm. (a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler;(c) 1∶8 coupler

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    Splitting ratio curves and insertion loss curves of three couplers. (a) Splitting ratio curve; (b) insertion loss curve

    Fig. 7. Splitting ratio curves and insertion loss curves of three couplers. (a) Splitting ratio curve; (b) insertion loss curve

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    Effect of fabrication errors of three couplers on splitting ratio. (a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler; (c) 1∶8 coupler

    Fig. 8. Effect of fabrication errors of three couplers on splitting ratio. (a) 1∶2 coupler; (b) 1∶4 coupler; (c) 1∶8 coupler

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    SEM image of optical coupler with splitting ratio of 1∶2

    Fig. 9. SEM image of optical coupler with splitting ratio of 1∶2

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    Transmission curve and insertion loss curve of optical coupler with splitting ratio of 1∶2. (a) Transmission curve; (b) insertion loss curve

    Fig. 10. Transmission curve and insertion loss curve of optical coupler with splitting ratio of 1∶2. (a) Transmission curve; (b) insertion loss curve

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    • Table 1. Performance comparison of designed coupler with arbitrary split ratio in this paper and devices in other literatures

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      Table 1. Performance comparison of designed coupler with arbitrary split ratio in this paper and devices in other literatures

      Footprint /

      （μm×μm）

      		Bandwidth /nmInsertion loss /dBDesigned methodRef.
      SimulatedMeasuredSimulatedMeasured
      11.5×1.3158585< 0.13< 0.9Directional coupler［15］
      1.4×2.310037< 0.36< 0.5Y-junction［16］
      10.5×34040< 0.30< 0.8MMI［31］
      3.6×3.63030< 0.90< 0.9Fast search method［32］
      4×210065 or 80< 0.28< 0.9Adjoint methodOur work
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    Junpeng Liao, Ye Tian, Zirong Yang, Zhe Kang, Ziwei Zheng, Qinghui Jin, Xiaowei Zhang. Inverse Design of Optical Couplers with Arbitrary Splitting Ratio Based on Boundary Inverse Optimization Algorithm[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2023, 43(1): 0113001

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    Paper Information

    Category: Integrated Optics

    Received: Jun. 2, 2022

    Accepted: Jul. 4, 2022

    Published Online: Jan. 6, 2023

    The Author Email: Tian Ye (tianye@nbu.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/AOS221241

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology