Femtosecond Laser Ablation Kinetic Energy Thermal Model and Tooth Surface Topography of Face Gear Materials

Yongbo Xiao; Rui Ming; Mingtao Lai; Xuekun Li; Yulong Ma; Xingzu Ming

doi:10.3788/LOP202158.1714001

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 58, Issue 17, 1714001(2021)

Femtosecond Laser Ablation Kinetic Energy Thermal Model and Tooth Surface Topography of Face Gear Materials

Yongbo Xiao¹, Rui Ming^1、*, Mingtao Lai¹, Xuekun Li¹, Yulong Ma², and Xingzu Ming^1,2、**

Author Affiliations

¹School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou , Hunan 412007, China

²School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xianyang , Hubei 441053, China

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Figures & Tables(13)

Fig. 1. Energy transfer process from femtosecond laser source to crystal lattice

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Fig. 2. Geometric model and meshing.（a）Size shape；（b）meshing

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Fig. 3. Variation of the electron and lattice temperatures of the tooth surface for a duration of 30 ps

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Fig. 4. Lattice temperature distribution of the tooth surface along the axial and radial directions. (a) Axial direction; (b) radial direction

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Fig. 5. Profile and temperature distribution of tooth ablation pit at different laser energy densities.（a）1.04 J·cm^-2；（b）5.25 J·cm^-2

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Fig. 6. Femtosecond laser processing system

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Fig. 7. SEM images of ablated crater at different laser energy densities.（a）1.04 J·cm^-2；（b）5.25 J·cm^-2

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Fig. 8. Three-dimensional ultra depth of field microscope images of ablated crater at different laser energy densities.（a）1.04 J·cm^-2；（b）5.25 J·cm^-2

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Fig. 9. Comparison of the pit diameter and ablation depth of the axisymmetric model with the experimental values at different laser energy densities.（a）1.04 J·cm^-2；（b）5.25 J·cm^-2

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Table 1. Chemical composition of gear material 18Cr2Ni4WA
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Table 1. Chemical composition of gear material 18Cr2Ni4WA
Element C Cr Ni
Mass fraction /% 0.18 1.5 4.25
Absorption rate 0.833 0.361 0.284

Table 2. Material characteristics

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Table 2. Material characteristics

Parameter	Value	Parameter	Value
Thermal conductivity of electrons $k_{e}$ /（W·m^-1·K^-1）	78.4	Density $ρ$ /（kg·m^-3）	7800
Electron heat capacity $C_{e}$ /（J·m^-3·K^-1）	706.4	Fermi temperature $T_{F}$ /K	1.28×10⁵
Lattice heat capacity $C_{l}$ /（J·m^-3·K^-1）	3.6×10⁶	Melting temperature $T_{m}$ /K	1724
Coupling coefficient $g$ /（W·m^-3·K^-1）	130×10¹⁶	Heat of evaporation Ω_vap /（J·g^-1）	6288
Absorption coefficient $α_{b}$ /m^-1	4.97×10⁷	Vaporization temperature $T_{v}$ /K	3023
Reflectivity $R$	0.64

Table 3. Laser parameters
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Table 3. Laser parameters
Parameter Value Parameter Value
Laser spot radius $r_{0}$ /μm 20 Peak laser power $P_{l a s e r}$ /W 4×10⁹
Laser fluence $I_{0}$ /（J·cm^-2） 1.04~5.25 Pulse width $τ_{p}$ /fs 800
Average power $P_{a v e}$ /W 7 Wavelength λ /nm 1030

Table 4. Predicted and experimental values of different parameters for gear material 18Cr2Ni4WA

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Table 4. Predicted and experimental values of different parameters for gear material 18Cr2Ni4WA

Laser powerP /W	Laser energyF /μJ	Laser fluenceI₀ /（J·cm^-2）	Ablation diameter D /μm		Ablation depth H /μm
Laser powerP /W	Laser energyF /μJ	Laser fluenceI₀ /（J·cm^-2）	Predictive value	Experimental value	Predictive value	Experimental value
1.3	13	1.04	46.52	44.581	3.28	3.147
2.2	22	1.75	51.08	50.027	3.98	4.461
4.9	49	3.90	63.86	63.001	4.98	4.228
5.8	58	4.62	67.1	67.564	5.12	5.306
6.6	66	5.25	68.02	69.041	5.17	6.425

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Yongbo Xiao, Rui Ming, Mingtao Lai, Xuekun Li, Yulong Ma, Xingzu Ming. Femtosecond Laser Ablation Kinetic Energy Thermal Model and Tooth Surface Topography of Face Gear Materials[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(17): 1714001

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