Journal of Semiconductors, Volume. 45, Issue 1, 012201(2024)
A 24−30 GHz 8-element dual-polarized 5G FR2 phased-array transceiver IC with 20.8-dBm TX OP1dB and 4.1-dB RX NFin 65-nm CMOS
Figures & Tables(21)
Fig. 1. (Color online) (a) Beam squint of the phased array across different pointed beam angles and (b) −1-dB and −3-dB beamwidth of URA with respect to the number of elements.
Fig. 2. (Color online) Power-combining PA in TRX: (a) series-combining in TX mode, (b) parallel-combining in TX mode, (c) series-combining in RX mode and (d) parallel-combining in RX mode.
Fig. 3. (Color online) The series-combing power amplifier based on the distributed-active transformer.
Fig. 4. (Color online) Schematic of differential four-stage two-way power-combining power amplifier.
Fig. 5. (Color online) Schematic of the power amplifier output stage in common mode.
Fig. 6. (Color online) Simulated AM–PM of the proposed cascode cell across frequencies.
Fig. 7. (Color online) Schematic of the DAT power-combining network.
Fig. 8. (Color online) Schematics of (a) the low-noise amplifier and the T/R switch and (b) the three-stacked resistive body-floating switch transistor MSWT.
Fig. 9. (Color online) Simplified power amplifier AC model in RX mode.
Fig. 10. (Color online) RX leakage contours with different LS1 and QLS1.
Fig. 11. (Color online) EM-simulated (a) S21 and OP1dB of PA, (b) S21 and NF of LNA.
Fig. 12. (Color online) Block diagram of the mm-Wave 5G 8-element dual-polarized phased-array TRX IC.
Fig. 13. Simplified schematic of the 6-bit differential switched attenuator.
Fig. 14. (Color online) Schematic of the 6-bit differential vector modulated phase shifter.
Fig. 15. (Color online) Phase-invariant VGA in the I/Q paths of the VMPS.
Fig. 16. (Color online) A micrograph of the mm-Wave 5G 8-element dual-polarized phased-array transceiver IC.
Fig. 17. (Color online) Small-signal CW measurement results in TX mode: (a) S-parameters. (b) Phase shifting. (c) Gain tuning.
Fig. 18. (Color online) Small-signal CW measurement results in RX mode: (a) S-parameters. (b) Phase shifting. (c) Gain tuning.
Fig. 19. (Color online) Large-signal measurement results in TX mode: (a) OP1dB and Psat. (b) PAE. (c) Output power in 5G NR FR2 64-QAM and 256-QAM signals.
Fig. 20. (Color online) Measured constellations, EVM and spectrum with 400-MHz 5G NR FR2 OFDM signal in TX mode: (a) 64-QAM and (b) 256-QAM.
Table 1. Comparison of state-of-the-art silicon-based phased-array TRX IC for mm-Wave 5G.
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Comparison of state-of-the-art silicon-based phased-array TRX IC for mm-Wave 5G.
This work SEU JSSC’22[ 1 ]Tokyo Tech. JSSC’21[ 2 ]Samsung ISSCC’20[ 3 ]Qualcomm ISSCC’18[ 4 ]IBM ISSCC’22[ 5 ]a Conversion gain. Technology 65 nm CMOS 65 nm CMOS 65 nm CMOS 28 nm CMOS 28 nm CMOS 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS Frequency (GHz) 24−29.5 24−29.5 28 37−40 26.5−29.5 24−30 Integration 8CH TRX 4CH TRX 8CH TRX 16CH TRX 24CH TRX 16CH TRX Supply (V) 1.0/1.8 1.0/1.8 1.0 0.9/1.8 1.0/1.8 1.5/2.7 TX gain (dB) 22.5−25.5 23.0−25.5 25 60a 34−44 25−31 TX Psat (dBm) 20.3−21.2 16.8−18.0 16.1 16.5 14 16.9−17.1 TX P1dB (dBm) 19.2−20.8 16.0−17.6 13.7 N/A 12 15.9−16.1 TX PAEmax (%) 22.0 20.8 N/A N/A 20 22.1−23.9 TX PAE1dB (%) 21.1 20.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A TX PDC/CH (mW) 568(@P1dB) 272(@P1dB) 186(@Psat) 105(@6dBm) 119(@11dBm) 200(@Psat) RX gain (dB) 19.5−21.3 12.3−14.2 18 59a 32−34 29−30 RX NF (dB) 4.1−5.2 4.3−6.0 4.9 (28 GHz) 4.2−4.6 3.8−4.6 3−3.8 RX PDC/CH (mW) 89 82 88 39 42 90 Gain range (dB) 31.5 31.5 8 30a (T)/43a (R) 7(T)/9(R) 20(T)/27(R) Gain step (dB) 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 1 0.25 RMS gain error (dB) 0.21−0.34(TX) 0.16−0.26(RX) <0.35(TX) <0.22(RX) N/A N/A N/A N/A Phase step (°) 5.625(6 bits) 5.625(6 bits) 11.25(5 bits) 22.5(4 bits) 45(3 bits) <5.6(~6 bits) RMS phase error (°) 0.8−2.4(TX) 0.6−2.5(RX) <1.9(TX) <1.8(RX) 2 3.3 N/A 1.2
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Yongran Yi, Dixian Zhao, Jiajun Zhang, Peng Gu, Chenyu Xu, Yuan Chai, Huiqi Liu, Xiaohu You. A 24−30 GHz 8-element dual-polarized 5G FR2 phased-array transceiver IC with 20.8-dBm TX OP1dB and 4.1-dB RX NFin 65-nm CMOS[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2024, 45(1): 012201
Paper Information
Category: Articles
Received: Jun. 29, 2023
Accepted: --
Published Online: Mar. 13, 2024
The Author Email: Zhao Dixian (DXZhao), You Xiaohu (XHYou)
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