[1] [1] O Mahran. Performance study of macro-bending EDFA/Raman hybrid optical fiber amplifiers[J]. Opt Commun, 2015, 353: 158-164.

[2] [2] Cheng Cheng, Cheng Xiaoyu. Nanophotonics and devices[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2013: 9-267.

[3] [3] R D Schaller, M Sykora, J M, Pietryga, et al.. Seven excitons at a cost of one: Redefining the limits for conversion efficiency of photons into charge carriers[J]. Nano Lett, 2006, 6(3): 424-429.

[4] [4] F Wise. Quantum dots call the shots[C]. SPIE, 2002: 24-27.

[5] [5] O Qasaimeh. An analytical model for quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers[J]. Opt Commun, 2003, 222(1-6): 277-287.

[6] [6] C Jiang. Ultrabroadband gain characteristics of a quantum-dot-doped fiber amplifier[J]. IEEE J Sel Top Quantum, 2009, 15(1): 140- 144.

[7] [7] Cheng Cheng, Zhang Hang. A semiconductor nanocrystal PbSe quantum dot fiber amplifier[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2006, 55(8): 4139- 4144.

[8] [8] P R Watekar, S Ju, A Lin, et al.. Linear and nonlinear optical properties of the PbSe quantum dots doped germano-silica glass optical fiber[J]. J Non-Crystalline Solids, 2010, 356(44-49): 2384-2388.

[9] [9] A R Bahrampour, H Rooholamini, L Rahimi, et al.. An inhomogeneous theoretical model for analysis of PbSe quantum-dot-doped fiber amplifier[J]. Opt Commun, 2009, 282(22): 4449-4454.

[10] [10] G P Dong, B T Wu, F T Zhang, et al.. Broadband near-infrared luminescence and tunable optical amplification around 1.55 μm and 1.33 μm of PbS quantum dots in glasses[J]. J Alloys Compd, 2011, 509(38): 9335-9339.

[11] [11] F F Pang, X L Sun, H R Guo, et al.. A PbS quantum dots fiber amplifier excited by evanescent wave[J]. Opt Express, 2010, 18(13): 14024- 14030.

[12] [12] V I Klimov, A A Mikhailovsky, S Xu, et al.. Optical gain and stimulated emission in nanocrystal quantum dots[J]. Science, 2000, 290(5490): 314-317.

[13] [13] B L Wehrenberg, C Wang, P G Sionnest. Interband and intraband optical studies of PbSe colloidal quantum dots[J]. J Phys Chem B, 2002, 106(41): 10634-10640.

[14] [14] L E Brus. Electronic wave-functions in semiconductor clusters: Experiment and theory[J]. J Phys Chem, 1986, 90(12): 2555-2560.

[15] [15] G Allan, C Delerue. Confinement effects in PbSe quantum wells and nanocrystals[J]. Phys Rev B, 2004, 70(24): 245321.

[16] [16] C Cheng. A multi-quantum-dot-doped fiber amplifier with characteristics of broadband, flat gain and low noise[J]. IEEE J of Lightwave Technol, 2008, 26(11): 1404-1410.

[17] [17] P C Becker, N A Olsson, J R Simpson. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers: Fundamentals and technology[M]. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1999: 147.

[18] [18] Cheng Cheng, Xu Yinhui. Near IR absorption-emission cross-sections of IV-VI group PbSe quantum dots doped in UV gel[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2014, 34(9): 0916002.

[19] [19] H Du, C Chen, R Krishnan, et al.. Optical properties of colloidal PbSe nanocrystals[J]. Nano Lett, 2002, 2(11): 1321-1324.