Fig. 1. Synthesis of DA

Fig. 2. Chemical reaction of cotton fabric and DA

Fig. 3. ¹HNMR spectrum of DA

Fig. 4. SEM images: (a) cotton fabric (×5 000); (b) flame resistant cotton fabric (×5 000); (c) char layer of flame resistant cotton fabric after burning (×5 000), and (d) char layer of flame resistant cotton fabric after burning (×500)

Fig. 5. EDS: (a) cotton fabric, (b) flame resistant cotton fabric (500 g/L) and (c) char layer of flame resistant cotton fabric after burning

Fig. 6. FTIR spectra: (a) DA; (b) cotton fabric; (c) flame resistant cotton fabric (500 g/L)

Fig. 7. Effects of DA mass concentration on WG and LOI of cotton fabric

Fig. 8. Effects of MBA mass concentration on WG and LOI of cotton fabric

Fig. 9. Vertical burning photos: (a) cotton fabric; (b) flame resistant cotton fabric (300g/l); (c) flame resistant cotton fabric (400g/l); (d) flame resistant cotton fabric (500g/l)

Fig. 10. Effect of washing cycles on LOI of cotton fabric

Fig. 11. TG and DTG curves of cotton fabric and flame resistant cotton fabric: (a) TG in N₂, (b) DTG in N₂, (c) TG in air and (d) DTG in air

Fig. 12. Effects of DA mass concentration on tensile breaking strength of cotton fabric