Fig. 1. Comparison of underwater images without light source and light source interference. (a) Underwater raw images; (b) edge information of underwater images; (c) gradient histogram of underwater images

Fig. 2. Underwater imaging process with influence of illuminant in imaging field of view

Fig. 3. Gradient histogram distributions of light source radiation. (a)--(d) Radiation images for different underwater interference illumination

Fig. 4. Flow chart of underwater image restoration algorithm for suppressing light source interference

Fig. 5. Effect of different k values on radiation separation of light source

Fig. 6. Change of EOG with the value of k. (a) Underwater scene with specular interference and change of EOG with the value of k; (b) underwater scene with side light interference and change of EOG with the value of k

Fig. 7. Suppression of illumination radiation and restoration results of underwater images under different underwater scenes and different illumination conditions. (a) Raw images with illumination interference; (b) light source radiation images; (c) images after removing the radiation of light source; (d) underwater restoration images after removing the radiation of light source

Fig. 8. Comparison of restoration results of underwater images with illumination by different methods. (a) Raw images; (b) method of Drews et al^[8]; (c) method of Ancuti et al^[21]; (d) method of Li et al^[11]; (e) our method

Fig. 9. Edge information detection of different restoration results. (a) Method of Drews et al^[8]; (b) method of Ancuti et al^[21]; (c) method of Li et al^[11]; (d) our method

Fig. 10. Restoration results of underwater images without illumination interference by different restoration methods. (a) Raw images; (b) method of Drews et al^[8]; (c) method of Ancuti et al^[21]; (d) method of Li et al^[11]; (e) our method