High Power Laser Science and Engineering, Volume. 7, Issue 3, 03000e50(2019)
High-repetition-rate ( kHz) targets and optics from liquid microjets for high-intensity laser–plasma interactions Editors' Pick
Fig. 1. Liquid microjet nozzle assembly composed of a
Fig. 2. (A) Shadowgraphic microscope image of the liquid jet target. A
Fig. 3. (A), (C) Shadowgraphic microscope images of primary and satellite droplet targets formed by manipulation of the piezoelectric actuator attached to the liquid jet nozzle. The primary droplet in (A) has a diameter of
Fig. 4. (A) View of capillary nozzles and thin liquid sheet formed perpendicular to the plane of incidence between the jets. The full angle between the two jets is denoted as
Fig. 5. (A) Microscope shadowgraphy image of the central region of the liquid sheet target in vacuum. (B) Spatially dependent thickness map across the liquid sheet, collected with a Filmetrics white-light interference profiler. The white cross indicates the location of the minimum sheet thickness at 450 nm. For scale, the width of the sheet in (B) is
Fig. 6. A variety of other unique target configurations can be created with droplets and jets. (A) Face-on view of droplet–droplet collision designed to make an isolated disk target. (B) Side view of the droplet–droplet isolated disk target shown in (A). (C) Droplet–jet collision generating a target with cylindrical surface shape. (D) Thin (
Fig. 7. (A) Etalon reflectivity as a function of thickness for the given experimental conditions. The single-wavelength calculation is plotted with a solid line while the wavelength-broadened curve corresponding to a Gaussian FWHM bandwidth of 20 nm is given by the dashed curve. (B) The bandwidth-dependent etalon reflectivity is plotted on a semi-log scale for the third minima to illustrate the effect of incidence with a broad bandwidth laser pulse. Note that while the etalon calculation continues toward zero at the minima for the monochromatic case, the minimum reflectivity for a pulse with 20 nm bandwidth is approximately 0.1%.
Fig. 8. Experimental setup for measuring the thin, liquid sheet plasma mirror reflectivity. The laser was focused onto the liquid sheet at a
Fig. 9. (A) Near-field mode of laser pulse input onto the plasma mirror. (B) Near-field mode of laser pulse after reflection from the plasma mirror. Note the smoothing of the mode performed by the plasma mirror.
Fig. 10. Schematic of vacuum and fluid containment system employed in this work. The syringe pump is fed by a liquid supply at atmospheric pressure. The supply line is capped with a
Fig. 11. Short-pulse (80 fs) shadowgraphic microscope images of the hydrodynamic evolution before and after irradiation with a high-intensity (
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K. M. George, J. T. Morrison, S. Feister, G. K. Ngirmang, J. R. Smith, A. J. Klim, J. Snyder, D. Austin, W. Erbsen, K. D. Frische, J. Nees, C. Orban, E. A. Chowdhury, W. M. Roquemore. High-repetition-rate ( kHz) targets and optics from liquid microjets for high-intensity laser–plasma interactions[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2019, 7(3): 03000e50
Category: Research Articles
Received: Feb. 21, 2019
Accepted: Jun. 20, 2019
Published Online: Aug. 26, 2019
The Author Email: K. M. George (kmgeorge88@gmail.com)