Journal of Semiconductors, Volume. 43, Issue 4, 041104(2022)

In-situ monitoring of dynamic behavior of catalyst materials and reaction intermediates in semiconductor catalytic processes

Zhen Fang1,2, Yao Liu3, Chengyi Song1,2, Peng Tao1,2, Wen Shang1,2, Tao Deng1,2, Xiaoqin Zeng3, and Jianbo Wu1,2,4,5
Author Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • 2Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • 3National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • 4Materials Genome Initiative Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • 5Future Material Innovation Center, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • show less
    References(104)

    [1] K Maeda, K Teramura, D Lu et al. Photocatalyst releasing hydrogen from water. Nature, 440, 295(2006).

    [2] Y C Zhang, N Afzal, L Pan et al. Structure-activity relationship of defective metal-based photocatalysts for water splitting: Experimental and theoretical perspectives. Adv Sci, 6, 1900053(2019).

    [3] S L Foster, S I P Bakovic, R D Duda et al. Catalysts for nitrogen reduction to ammonia. Nat Catal, 1, 490(2018).

    [4] Q L Xu, L Y Zhang, B Cheng et al. S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst. Chem, 6, 1543(2020).

    [5] Y G Chao, P Zhou, N Li et al. Ultrathin visible-light-driven Mo incorporating In2O3-ZnIn2Se4 Z-scheme nanosheet photocatalysts. Adv Mater, 31, 1807226(2019).

    [6] Y Gu, A P Wu, Y Q Jiao et al. Two-dimensional porous molybdenum phosphide/nitride heterojunction nanosheets for pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed, 60, 6673(2021).

    [7] S Khan, M Je, N N T Ton et al. C-doped ZnS-ZnO/Rh nanosheets as multijunctioned photocatalysts for effective H2 generation from pure water under solar simulating light. Appl Catal B, 297, 120473(2021).

    [8] L Ran, J G Hou, S Y Cao et al. Defect engineering of photocatalysts for solar energy conversion. Sol RRL, 4, 1900487(2020).

    [9] M Liu, Y Chen, J Su et al. Photocatalytic hydrogen production using twinned nanocrystals and an unanchored NiSx co-catalyst. Nat Energy, 1, 16151(2016).

    [10] M Barawi, L Collado, M Gomez-Mendoza et al. Conjugated porous polymers: Ground-breaking materials for solar energy conversion. Adv Energy Mater, 11, 2101530(2021).

    [11] J G Wang, Y J Chen, W Zhou et al. Cubic quantum dot/hexagonal microsphere ZnIn2S4 heterophase junctions for exceptional visible-light-driven photocatalytic H2 evolution. J Mater Chem A, 5, 8451(2017).

    [12] H B Yu, J H Huang, L B Jiang et al. Enhanced photocatalytic tetracycline degradation using N-CQDs/OV-BiOBr composites: Unraveling the complementary effects between N-CQDs and oxygen vacancy. Chem Eng J, 402, 126187(2020).

    [13] D D Gao, X H Wu, P Wang et al. Selenium-enriched amorphous NiSe1+x nanoclusters as a highly efficient cocatalyst for photocatalytic H2 evolution. Chem Eng J, 408, 127230(2021).

    [14] S Bai, J Jiang, Q Zhang et al. Steering charge kinetics in photocatalysis: Intersection of materials syntheses, characterization techniques and theoretical simulations. Chem Soc Rev, 44, 2893(2015).

    [15] F Y Chen, Z Y Wu, Z Adler et al. Stability challenges of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction: From mechanistic understanding to reactor design. Joule, 5, 1704(2021).

    [16] S R Zhang, L Nguyen, Y Zhu et al. In-situ studies of nanocatalysis. Acc Chem Res, 46, 1731(2013).

    [17] F Zaera. In-situ and operando spectroscopies for the characterization of catalysts and of mechanisms of catalytic reactions. J Catal, 404, 900(2021).

    [18] der Wal L I van, S J Turner, J Zečević. Developments and advances in in situ transmission electron microscopy for catalysis research. Catal Sci Technol, 11, 3634(2021).

    [19] A Knop-Gericke, E Kleimenov, M Hävecker et al. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for investigation of heterogeneous catalytic processes. Adv Catal, 52, 213(2009).

    [20] M H M Ahmed, R H Temperton, J N O'Shea. An in situ exploration of subsurface defect migration to a liquid water-exposed rutile TiO2(110) surface by XPS. Surf Interface Anal, 53, 1013(2021).

    [21] P Zhang, Y K Li, Y S Zhang et al. Photogenerated electron transfer process in heterojunctions: in situ irradiation XPS. Small Methods, 4, 2000214(2020).

    [22] S Bordiga, E Groppo, G Agostini et al. Reactivity of surface species in heterogeneous catalysts probed by in situ X-ray absorption techniques. Chem Rev, 113, 1736(2013).

    [23] F Zaera. New advances in the use of infrared absorption spectroscopy for the characterization of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Chem Soc Rev, 43, 7624(2014).

    [24] I E Wachs, C A Roberts. Monitoring surface metal oxide catalytic active sites with Raman spectroscopy. Chem Soc Rev, 39, 5002(2010).

    [25] H Kim, K M Kosuda, R P van Duyne et al. Resonance Raman and surface- and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy methods to study solid catalysts and heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Chem Soc Rev, 39, 4820(2010).

    [26] M G Bakker, B Fowler, M K Bowman et al. Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy-EPR/ESR. Can J Chem Eng, 98, 1668(2020).

    [27] J B Wu, H Shan, W L Chen et al. In situ environmental TEM in imaging gas and liquid phase chemical reactions for materials research. Adv Mater, 28, 9686(2016).

    [28] W Grogger, F Hofer, G Kothleitner et al. An introduction to high-resolution EELS in transmission electron microscopy. Top Catal, 50, 200(2008).

    [29] F Besenbacher, J V Lauritsen, S Wendt. STM studies of model catalysts. Nano Today, 2, 30(2007).

    [30] A Preet, T E Lin. A review: Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) for visualizing the real-time local catalytic activity. Catalysts, 11, 594(2021).

    [31] G X Zhuang, Y W Chen, Z Y Zhuang et al. Oxygen vacancies in metal oxides: Recent progress towards advanced catalyst design. Sci China Mater, 63, 2089(2020).

    [32] H F Feng, Z F Xu, L Ren et al. Activating titania for efficient electrocatalysis by vacancy engineering. ACS Catal, 8, 4288(2018).

    [33] T T Hou, Y Xiao, P X Cui et al. Operando oxygen vacancies for enhanced activity and stability toward nitrogen photofixation. Adv Energy Mater, 9, 1902319(2019).

    [34] N Kolmakova, A Kolmakov. Scanning electron microscopy for in situ monitoring of semiconductor−liquid interfacial processes: Electron assisted reduction of Ag ions from aqueous solution on the surface of TiO2 rutile nanowire. J Phys Chem C, 114, 17233(2010).

    [35] G Möbus, Z Saghi, D C Sayle et al. Dynamics of polar surfaces on ceria nanoparticles observed in situ with single-atom resolution. Adv Funct Mater, 21, 1971(2011).

    [36] M Bugnet, S H Overbury, Z L Wu et al. Direct visualization and control of atomic mobility at {100} surfaces of ceria in the environmental transmission electron microscope. Nano Lett, 17, 7652(2017).

    [37] F Cavalca, A B Laursen, B E Kardynal et al. In situ transmission electron microscopy of light-induced photocatalytic reactions. Nanotechnology, 23, 075705(2012).

    [38] L X Zhang, B K Miller, P A Crozier. Atomic level in situ observation of surface amorphization in anatase nanocrystals during light irradiation in water vapor. Nano Lett, 13, 679(2013).

    [39] Y Lu, W J Yin, K L Peng et al. Self-hydrogenated shell promoting photocatalytic H2 evolution on anatase TiO2. Nat Commun, 9, 2752(2018).

    [40] S H Yu, Y H Jiang, Y Sun et al. Real time imaging of photocatalytic active site formation during H2 evolution by in situ TEM. Appl Catal B, 284, 119743(2021).

    [41] M Rycenga, C M Cobley, J Zeng et al. Controlling the synthesis and assembly of silver nanostructures for plasmonic applications. Chem Rev, 111, 3669(2011).

    [42] G R Bamwenda, S Tsubota, T Nakamura et al. Photoassisted hydrogen production from a water-ethanol solution: A comparison of activities of Au–TiO2 and Pt–TiO2. J Photochem Photobiol A, 89, 177(1995).

    [43] J B Priebe, M Karnahl, H Junge et al. Water reduction with visible light: Synergy between optical transitions and electron transfer in Au-TiO2 catalysts visualized by in situ EPR spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed, 52, 11420(2013).

    [44] K S Yang, Y R Lu, Y Y Hsu et al. Plasmon-induced visible-light photocatalytic activity of Au nanoparticle-decorated hollow mesoporous TiO2: A view by X-ray spectroscopy. J Phys Chem C, 122, 6955(2018).

    [45] O S Ekande, M Kumar. Review on polyaniline as reductive photocatalyst for the construction of the visible light active heterojunction for the generation of reactive oxygen species. J Environ Chem Eng, 9, 105725(2021).

    [46] Y Yuan, R T Guo, L F Hong et al. A review of metal oxide-based Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts: Actualities and developments. Mater Today Energy, 21, 100829(2021).

    [47] T M Di, Q L Xu, W Ho et al. Review on metal sulphide-based Z-scheme photocatalysts. ChemCatChem, 11, 1394(2019).

    [48] L M Sai, X Y Kong. Type II hybrid structures of TiO2 nanorods conjugated with CdS quantum dots: Assembly and optical properties. Appl Phys A, 114, 605(2014).

    [49] Y Y Zhu, Y F Liu, Y H Lv et al. Enhancement of photocatalytic activity for BiPO4 via phase junction. J Mater Chem A, 2, 13041(2014).

    [50] J W Xue, J Bao. Interfacial charge transfer of heterojunction photocatalysts: Characterization and calculation. Surf Interfaces, 25, 101265(2021).

    [51] H Yang. A short review on heterojunction photocatalysts: Carrier transfer behavior and photocatalytic mechanisms. Mater Res Bull, 142, 111406(2021).

    [52] L B Wang, B Cheng, L Y Zhang et al. In situ irradiated XPS investigation on S-scheme TiO2@ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Small, 17, 2103447(2021).

    [53] A Beck, X Huang, L Artiglia et al. The dynamics of overlayer formation on catalyst nanoparticles and strong metal-support interaction. Nat Commun, 11, 3220(2020).

    [54] J L Vincent, P A Crozier. Atomic level fluxional behavior and activity of CeO2-supported Pt catalysts for CO oxidation. Nat Commun, 12, 5789(2021).

    [55] B H Simpson, J Rodríguez-López. Emerging techniques for the in situ analysis of reaction intermediates on photo-electrochemical interfaces. Anal Methods, 7, 7029(2015).

    [56] Y Nosaka, A Y Nosaka. Generation and detection of reactive oxygen species in photocatalysis. Chem Rev, 117, 11302(2017).

    [57] J Y Liu, Z D Wei, W F Shangguan. Defects engineering in photocatalytic water splitting materials. ChemCatChem, 11, 6177(2019).

    [58] P A Connor, K D Dobson, A J McQuillan. Infrared spectroscopy of the TiO2/aqueous solution interface. Langmuir, 15, 2402(1999).

    [59] S Haschke, M Mader, S Schlicht et al. Direct oxygen isotope effect identifies the rate-determining step of electrocatalytic OER at an oxidic surface. Nat Commun, 9, 4565(2018).

    [60] W Y Lin, H Frei. Photochemical and FT-IR probing of the active site of hydrogen peroxide in Ti silicalite sieve. J Am Chem Soc, 124, 9292(2002).

    [61] X Rong, J Parolin, A M Kolpak. A fundamental relationship between reaction mechanism and stability in metal oxide catalysts for oxygen evolution. ACS Catal, 6, 1153(2016).

    [62] O Zandi, T W Hamann. Determination of photoelectrochemical water oxidation intermediates on haematite electrode surfaces using operando infrared spectroscopy. Nat Chem, 8, 778(2016).

    [63] Z Zou, J Ye, K Sayama et al. Direct splitting of water under visible light irradiation with an oxide semiconductor photocatalyst. Nature, 414, 625(2001).

    [64] S H Guo, Y H Li, S W Tang et al. Monitoring hydrogen evolution reaction intermediates of transition metal dichalcogenides via operando Raman spectroscopy. Adv Funct Mater, 30, 2003035(2020).

    [65] Y H Peng, M J Geng, J Q Yu et al. Vacancy-induced 2H@1T MoS2 phase-incorporation on ZnIn2S4 for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Appl Catal B, 298, 120570(2021).

    [66] L Q Ye, Z Y Ma, Y Deng et al. Robust and efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation of ReS2/CdS and mechanistic study by on-line mass spectrometry and in situ infrared spectroscopy. Appl Catal B, 257, 117897(2019).

    [67] X Wang, X Wang, J Huang et al. Interfacial chemical bond and internal electric field modulated Z-scheme Sv-ZnIn2S4/MoSe2 photocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution. Nat Commun, 12, 4112(2021).

    [68] R Nakamura, Y Nakato. Primary intermediates of oxygen photoevolution reaction on TiO2 (Rutile) particles, revealed by in situ FTIR absorption and photoluminescence measurements. J Am Chem Soc, 126, 1290(2004).

    [69] M Zhang, M de Respinis, H Frei. Time-resolved observations of water oxidation intermediates on a cobalt oxide nanoparticle catalyst. Nat Chem, 6, 362(2014).

    [70] Q Ding, Y Liu, T Chen et al. Unravelling the water oxidation mechanism on NaTaO3-based photocatalysts. J Mater Chem A, 8, 6812(2020).

    [71] F Fresno, S Galdón, M Barawi et al. Selectivity in UV photocatalytic CO2 conversion over bare and silver-decorated niobium-tantalum perovskites. Catal Today, 361, 85(2021).

    [72] M Halmann. Photoelectrochemical reduction of aqueous carbon dioxide on p-type gallium phosphide in liquid junction solar cells. Nature, 275, 115(1978).

    [73] M Marszewski, S W Cao, J G Yu et al. Semiconductor-based photocatalytic CO2 conversion. Mater Horiz, 2, 261(2015).

    [74] H Rao, L C Schmidt, J Bonin et al. Visible-light-driven methane formation from CO2 with a molecular iron catalyst. Nature, 548, 74(2017).

    [75] M Schreier, F Héroguel, L Steier et al. Solar conversion of CO2 to CO using Earth-abundant electrocatalysts prepared by atomic layer modification of CuO. Nat Energy, 2, 17087(2017).

    [76] Y Wang, X Shang, J Shen et al. Direct and indirect Z-scheme heterostructure-coupled photosystem enabling cooperation of CO2 reduction and H2O oxidation. Nat Commun, 11, 3043(2020).

    [77] Y Kou, Y Nabetani, M S Dai et al. Direct detection of key reaction intermediates in photochemical CO2 reduction sensitized by a rhenium bipyridine complex. J Am Chem Soc, 136, 6021(2014).

    [78] L J Liu, Y Li. Understanding the reaction mechanism of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O on TiO2-based photocatalysts: A review. Aerosol Air Qual Res, 14, 453(2014).

    [79] L J Liu, C Y Zhao, J T Miller et al. Mechanistic study of CO2 photoreduction with H2O on Cu/TiO2 nanocomposites by in situ X-ray absorption and infrared spectroscopies. J Phys Chem C, 121, 490(2017).

    [80] J Wu, X D Li, W Shi et al. Efficient visible-light-driven CO2 reduction mediated by defect-engineered BiOBr atomic layers. Angew Chem Int Ed, 57, 8719(2018).

    [81] S Chen, H Wang, Z Kang et al. Oxygen vacancy associated single-electron transfer for photofixation of CO2 to long-chain chemicals. Nat Commun, 10, 788(2019).

    [82] J C Zhu, W W Shao, X D Li et al. Asymmetric triple-atom sites confined in ternary oxide enabling selective CO2 photothermal reduction to acetate. J Am Chem Soc, 143, 18233(2021).

    [83] X J Ren, M C Gao, Y F Zhang et al. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 on BiOX: Effect of halogen element type and surface oxygen vacancy mediated mechanism. Appl Catal B, 274, 119063(2020).

    [84] B A MacKay, M D Fryzuk. Dinitrogen coordination chemistry: The biomimetic borderlands. ChemInform, 35, 703(2004).

    [85] H D Shen, M M Yang, L D Hao et al. Photocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia: Insights into the role of defect engineering in photocatalysts. Nano Res, 275, 115(2021).

    [86] J P Guo, P Chen. Catalyst: NH3 as an energy carrier. Chem, 3, 709(2017).

    [87] A J Medford, M C Hatzell. Photon-driven nitrogen fixation: Current progress, thermodynamic considerations, and future outlook. ACS Catal, 7, 2624(2017).

    [88] B M Hoffman, D Lukoyanov, Z Y Yang et al. Mechanism of nitrogen fixation by nitrogenase: The next stage. Chem Rev, 114, 4041(2014).

    [89] H P Jia, E A Quadrelli. Mechanistic aspects of dinitrogen cleavage and hydrogenation to produce ammonia in catalysis and organometallic chemistry: Relevance of metal hydride bonds and dihydrogen. Chem Soc Rev, 43, 547(2014).

    [90] H Yuzawa, T Mori, H Itoh et al. Reaction mechanism of ammonia decomposition to nitrogen and hydrogen over metal loaded titanium oxide photocatalyst. J Phys Chem C, 116, 4126(2012).

    [91] H Hirakawa, M Hashimoto, Y Shiraishi et al. Photocatalytic conversion of nitrogen to ammonia with water on surface oxygen vacancies of titanium dioxide. J Am Chem Soc, 139, 10929(2017).

    [92] C C Li, T Wang, Z J Zhao et al. Promoted fixation of molecular nitrogen with surface oxygen vacancies on plasmon-enhanced TiO2 photoelectrodes. Angew Chem, 130, 5376(2018).

    [93] H Li, J Shang, Z H Ai et al. Efficient visible light nitrogen fixation with BiOBr nanosheets of oxygen vacancies on the exposed {001} facets. J Am Chem Soc, 137, 6393(2015).

    [94] P S Li, Z A Zhou, Q Wang et al. Visible-light-driven nitrogen fixation catalyzed by Bi5O7Br nanostructures: Enhanced performance by oxygen vacancies. J Am Chem Soc, 142, 12430(2020).

    [95] S Y Wang, X Hai, X Ding et al. Light-switchable oxygen vacancies in ultrafine Bi5O7Br nanotubes for boosting solar-driven nitrogen fixation in pure water. Adv Mater, 29, 1701774(2017).

    [96] J H Yang, Y Z Guo, R B Jiang et al. High-efficiency “working-in-tandem” nitrogen photofixation achieved by assembling plasmonic gold nanocrystals on ultrathin titania nanosheets. J Am Chem Soc, 140, 8497(2018).

    [97] F Rao, G Q Zhu, W B Zhang et al. In-situ generation of oxygen vacancies and metallic bismuth from (BiO)2CO3 via N2-assisted thermal-treatment for efficient selective photocatalytic NO removal. Appl Catal B, 281, 119481(2021).

    [98] H Shang, M Q Li, H Li et al. Oxygen vacancies promoted the selective photocatalytic removal of NO with blue TiO2 via simultaneous molecular oxygen activation and photogenerated hole annihilation. Environ Sci Technol, 53, 6444(2019).

    [99] H Jin, R You, S Zhou et al. In-situ DRIFTS and XANES identification of copper species in the ternary composite oxide catalysts CuMnCeO during CO preferential oxidation. Int J Hydrog Energy, 40, 3919(2015).

    [100] D Zigah, J Rodríguez-López, A J Bard. Quantification of photoelectrogenerated hydroxyl radical on TiO2 by surface interrogation scanning electrochemical microscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys, 14, 12764(2012).

    [101] L B Kreuzer, C K Patel. Nitric oxide air pollution: Detection by optoacoustic spectroscopy. Science, 173, 45(1971).

    [102] S Jin, G H Dong, J M Luo et al. Improved photocatalytic NO removal activity of SrTiO3 by using SrCO3 as a new co-catalyst. Appl Catal B, 227, 24(2018).

    [103] Y F Lu, Y Huang, Y F Zhang et al. Oxygen vacancy engineering of Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3 heterojunctions: Implications of the interfacial charge transfer, NO adsorption and removal. Appl Catal B, 231, 357(2018).

    [104] R Nakamura, A Imanishi, K Murakoshi et al. In situ FTIR studies of primary intermediates of photocatalytic reactions on nanocrystalline TiO2 films in contact with aqueous solutions. J Am Chem Soc, 125, 7443(2003).

    Tools

    Get Citation

    Copy Citation Text

    Zhen Fang, Yao Liu, Chengyi Song, Peng Tao, Wen Shang, Tao Deng, Xiaoqin Zeng, Jianbo Wu. In-situ monitoring of dynamic behavior of catalyst materials and reaction intermediates in semiconductor catalytic processes[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2022, 43(4): 041104

    Download Citation

    EndNote(RIS)BibTexPlain Text
    Save article for my favorites
    Paper Information

    Category: Reviews

    Received: Dec. 2, 2021

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Apr. 25, 2022

    The Author Email:

    DOI:10.1088/1674-4926/43/4/041104

    Topics