Fig. 1. (Color online) The traditional workflow of salmonids diseases detection and surveillance.

Fig. 2. (Color online) (a) Schematic illustration of a TriSilix chip and photographs of the actual device^[50]. Reproduced with permission. Copyright 2020, Springer Nature. (b) Schematic illustration for CdS/MoS₂ heterojunction-enhanced photoelectrochemical sensing strategy coupling with CHA and hemin-mediated chemiluminescence^[54]. Reproduced with permission. Copyright 2016, Elsevier.

Fig. 3. (Color online) (a) Schematic illustration of the fabrication procedure of the CaMV35S promoter detection biosensor based on the application of SiO₂@CdTe QDs^[56]. Reproduced with permission. Copyright 2016, Elsevier. (b) Schematic illustration of biosensor strategies based on the application of dTiO_2–x^[57]_. Reproduced with permission. Copyright 2018, ACS. (c) Schematic illustration of the label-free electrochemical DNA assay based on nanoMoS₂ modified electrode (nanoMoS₂/CPE)^[59]. Reproduced with permission. Copyright 2015, Elsevier. (d) Schematic illustration of the fabrication of ITO nanowires device^[64]. Reproduced with permission. Copyright 2018, Elsevier.