Fig. 1. Principle diagram of curvature sensing

Fig. 2. Coma dominated wavefront pre-focal and post-focal light distribution

Fig. 3. Coma dominated wavefront retrieval accuracy (take wavefront RMS variation as the criterion)

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of defocus detection

Fig. 5. Multiple defocusing dominant wavefront pre-focal and post-focal intensity distribution

Fig. 6. Multiple defocusing dominant wavefront reconstruction error accuracy (take wavefront RMS variation as the criterion)

Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of system low order aberration calculation

Fig. 8. Low order wavefront sensing based on machine learning

Fig. 9. Experimental device diagram of large range curvature sensing

Fig. 10. Multiple defocusing intensity distribution

Fig. 11. Intensity distribution before and after defocusing dominated wavefront

Fig. 12. Comparison of reconstructed low order wavefront