A defense scheme of pulse illumination attack for quantum key distribution systems

ZHANG Bo; QU Diqing; LUO Jun; DU Xiangjian; FANG Yuqiang; JIANG Lianjun; GAO Song; YU Lin; SUN Fang; TANG Shibiao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2023.05.011

Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, Volume. 40, Issue 5, 719(2023)

A defense scheme of pulse illumination attack for quantum key distribution systems

ZHANG Bo1... QU Diqing1, LUO Jun2, DU Xiangjian2, FANG Yuqiang3, JIANG Lianjun3, GAO Song3, YU Lin3, SUN Fang3 and TANG Shibiao3,* |Show fewer author(s)

Author Affiliations

¹Jinhua Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321000, China

²Dongyang Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Dongyan322100, China

³QuantumCTek Co., Ltd., Hefei 230088, China

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Figures & Tables(9)

Fig. 1. Scheme of current APD working current detection

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Fig. 2. Scheme of pulse illumination detection based on avalanche signal power dividing

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Fig. 3. Noise signal and avalanche signal in low speed gated mode

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Fig. 4. Scheme of pulse illumination detection based on beam splitter

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Fig. 5. Scheme of pulse illumination detection circuit

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Fig. 6. (a) Scheme of test platform for pulse illumination detection and (b) photos of experimental devices

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Table 1. Test data with about 250 ps pulse width at different pulse frequencies

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Table 1. Test data with about 250 ps pulse width at different pulse frequencies

Pulse frequency /Hz	Step (2)		Step (3)		Step (4)				Step (5)
Pulse frequency /Hz	Signal detector count/cps	Pulse detector count/cps	Signal detector count/cps	Pulse detector count/cps	Signal detector count/cps	Pulse detector count/cps	Energy of pulses/dBm	Photon number of per pulse	Signal detector count/cps	Pulse detector count/cps
1000	261275	0	259683	0	263745	1000	-81.57	5.43×10⁴	51	1000
10000	261112	0	261090	0	263430	10000	-71.51	5.51×10⁴	154	10000
100000	259314	0	261330	0	264142	100000	-60.54	6.89×10⁴	1310	100000
1000000	260691	0	260366	0	269911	1000000	-50.8	6.49×10⁴	6264	1000000

Table 2. Test data of attack scheme in literature [9] are simulated when pulse width is about 12.5 ns

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Table 2. Test data of attack scheme in literature [9] are simulated when pulse width is about 12.5 ns

Pulse width/ns

Step (2)

Step (3)

Step (4)

Step (5)

Signal

detector count/cps

Pulse

detector count/cps

Signal

detector count/cps

Pulse

detector count/cps

Signal

detector count/cps

Pulse

detector count/cps

Energy of pulses/dBm

Photon number of per pulse

Signal

detector count/cps

Pulse

detector count/cps

12.5

262911

267770

270008

250000

-44.1

1.21×10⁶

7002

250000

Table 3. Test data of attack scheme in literature [9] are simulated when pulse width is about 250 ps

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Table 3. Test data of attack scheme in literature [9] are simulated when pulse width is about 250 ps

Pulse width/ps

Step (2)

Step (3)

Step (4)

Step (5)

Signal

detector count/cps

Pulse

detector count/cps

Signal

detector count/cps

Pulse

detector count/cps

Signal

detector count/cps

Pulse

detector count/cps

Energy of pulses/dBm

Photon number of per pulse

Signal

detector count/cps

Pulse

detector count/cps

250

260876

262161

265647

250000

-59.62

3.40×10⁴

1626

250000

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Bo ZHANG, Diqing QU, Jun LUO, Xiangjian DU, Yuqiang FANG, Lianjun JIANG, Song GAO, Lin YU, Fang SUN, Shibiao TANG. A defense scheme of pulse illumination attack for quantum key distribution systems[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2023, 40(5): 719

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Paper Information

Category:

Received: Oct. 25, 2021

Accepted: --

Published Online: Nov. 24, 2023

The Author Email: TANG Shibiao (shibiao.tang@quantum-info.com)

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2023.05.011

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Test data with about 250 ps pulse width at different pulse frequencies

Table 1. Test data with about 250 ps pulse width at different pulse frequencies

Table 2. Test data of attack scheme in literature [9] are simulated when pulse width is about 12.5 ns

Table 2. Test data of attack scheme in literature [9] are simulated when pulse width is about 12.5 ns

Table 3. Test data of attack scheme in literature [9] are simulated when pulse width is about 250 ps

Table 3. Test data of attack scheme in literature [9] are simulated when pulse width is about 250 ps

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