Laser Spot Centroid Extraction Method and Stability Analysis of "Gou Mang"

Ke Wan; Jingmei Li; Qijin Han; Gongwei Li; Ning Wang; Zhaopeng Xu; Hang Zhao; Lingling Ma

doi:10.3788/AOS231696

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 44, Issue 6, 0628005(2024)

Laser Spot Centroid Extraction Method and Stability Analysis of "Gou Mang"

Ke Wan^1,2, Jingmei Li^1、*, Qijin Han³, Gongwei Li¹, Ning Wang¹, Zhaopeng Xu³, Hang Zhao³, and Lingling Ma¹

¹National Engineering Laboratory for Satellite Remote Sensing Applications, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

³China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 100094, China

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Abstract Get PDF(in Chinese)

Figures & Tables(20)

Fig. 1. Schematic of optical axis monitor detecting mode

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Fig. 2. A set of footprint images. (a) Ground image; (b) spot image

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Fig. 3. Laser spot on spot image

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Fig. 4. Flowchart of proposed method

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Fig. 5. Simulated spot image

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Fig. 6. Distribution of centroid extraction errors by different algorithms. (a) GCM; (b) EFM; (c) GFM; (d) Ren CF; (e) proposed method

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Fig. 7. Centroid extraction results of laser beam 1. (a) x direction; (b) y direction

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Fig. 8. Centroid extraction results of laser beam 3. (a) x direction; (b) y direction

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Fig. 9. Centroid stability monitoring results of laser beam 1. (a) x direction; (b) y direction

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Fig. 10. Centroid stability monitoring results of laser beam 2. (a) x direction; (b) y direction

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Fig. 11. Centroid stability monitoring results of laser beam 3. (a) x direction; (b) y direction

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Fig. 12. Centroid stability monitoring results of laser beam 4. (a) x direction; (b) y direction

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Fig. 13. Centroid stability monitoring results of laser beam 5. (a) x direction; (b) y direction

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Table 1. Centroid extraction results of simulated spot images with complex background
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Table 1. Centroid extraction results of simulated spot images with complex background
Item
Original
ground image
Original
spot image
Result of GCM Result of Ren CF Result of proposed method
Eg. 1
Eg. 2
Eg. 3

Table 2. Centroid extraction accuracy of simulated spot images by different algorithms
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Table 2. Centroid extraction accuracy of simulated spot images by different algorithms
Method Mean /pixel RMSE /pixel Max. error /pixel
GCM 0.187 0.250 2.209
EFM 0.154 0.241 3.753
GFM 0.255 0.330 4.751
Ren CF 0.066 0.087 1.828
Proposed method 0.059 0.074 0.482

Table 3. Running time of different algorithms
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Table 3. Running time of different algorithms
Method Time /ms
GCM 0.80
EFM 1.02
GFM 2.73
Ren CF 3.57
Proposed method 1.41

Table 4. Centroid extraction results of actual spot images with complex background
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Table 4. Centroid extraction results of actual spot images with complex background
Item Road Factory Urban building Lake Forest
Groundimage
Spotimage
Subtract
Filter andsegment
Result
Result onspot image

Table 5. Centroid extraction accuracy of actual spot images

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Table 5. Centroid extraction accuracy of actual spot images

Laser number	Range /pixel		STD /pixel
Laser number	x	y	x	y	xoy
Average	0.139	0.128	0.028	0.025	0.038
1	0.177	0.110	0.036	0.021	0.042
2	0.102	0.094	0.021	0.019	0.028
3	0.157	0.148	0.036	0.032	0.048
4	0.101	0.120	0.020	0.022	0.030
5	0.156	0.170	0.028	0.032	0.043

Table 6. Centroid stability analysis results
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Table 6. Centroid stability analysis results
Laser number Range /pixel STD /pixel
x y x y xoy
1 0.396 0.164 0.117 0.037 0.123
2 0.231 0.600 0.051 0.163 0.171
3 1.310 0.322 0.326 0.086 0.337
4 0.374 0.524 0.088 0.159 0.182
5 0.626 0.557 0.182 0.161 0.243

Table 7. Stability of laser pointing
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Table 7. Stability of laser pointing
Item L1 L2 L3 L4 L5
AT CT AT CT AT CT AT CT AT CT
STD /（″） 0.12 0.39 0.54 0.17 0.28 1.10 0.53 0.29 0.53 0.60

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Ke Wan, Jingmei Li, Qijin Han, Gongwei Li, Ning Wang, Zhaopeng Xu, Hang Zhao, Lingling Ma. Laser Spot Centroid Extraction Method and Stability Analysis of "Gou Mang"[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2024, 44(6): 0628005

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Paper Information

Category: Remote Sensing and Sensors

Received: Oct. 24, 2023

Accepted: Nov. 19, 2023

Published Online: Mar. 19, 2024

The Author Email: Li Jingmei (lijm@aircas.ac.cn)

DOI:10.3788/AOS231696

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Centroid extraction results of simulated spot images with complex background

Table 1. Centroid extraction results of simulated spot images with complex background

Table 2. Centroid extraction accuracy of simulated spot images by different algorithms

Table 2. Centroid extraction accuracy of simulated spot images by different algorithms

Table 3. Running time of different algorithms

Table 3. Running time of different algorithms

Table 4. Centroid extraction results of actual spot images with complex background

Table 4. Centroid extraction results of actual spot images with complex background

Table 5. Centroid extraction accuracy of actual spot images

Table 5. Centroid extraction accuracy of actual spot images

Table 6. Centroid stability analysis results

Table 6. Centroid stability analysis results

Table 7. Stability of laser pointing

Table 7. Stability of laser pointing