Fig. 1. Structure diagram of variational auto-encoder

Fig. 2. Flow chart of simulation image generation method based on variational auto-encoder

Fig. 3. Structures of encoder and decoder. (a) Encoder; (b) decoder

Fig. 4. Generated images. (a)(b) Real OCT images of AMD patients’ retina; (c)--(e)generated images; (f)(g) real OCT images of DME patients’ retina; (h)--(j) generated images; (k)(l) real OCT images of normal subjects; (m)--(o) generated images

Fig. 5. Variations of accuracy and loss. (a) Accuracy; (b) loss

Fig. 6. Confusion matrices. (a) Experiment 1; (b) experiment 2

Fig. 7. Confusion matrices. (a) Experiment 3; (b) experiment 4