Fig. 1. Geographical location and image of the study area

Fig. 2. ROI distribution of seven typical ground objects in the study area

Fig. 3. Boundary tangent positions of the two groups of ground objects

Fig. 4. ROI distribution at various angles of a typical ground object at 14:00 in a clear day

Fig. 5. Characteristics of 24-hour temperature variations of ground objects under different weather conditions

Fig. 6. Characteristics of 24-hour temperature variations of ground objects at different time resolutions in cloudy

Fig. 7. Temperature difference analysis of artificial and natural ground objects

Fig. 8. Time standard deviations of ground objects under different weather conditions

Fig. 9. Temperature interaction characteristics of trees and bare soils at 14:00 and 6:00

Fig. 10. Temperature interaction characteristics of lawns and sidewalks at 14:00 and 6:00