SAR Image Sparse Denoising Based on Blind Estimation and Bilateral Filtering

Yu Sun; Zhihui Xin; Penghui Huang; Zhixu Wang; Jiayu Xuan

doi:10.3788/LOP222462

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 60, Issue 16, 1610001(2023)

SAR Image Sparse Denoising Based on Blind Estimation and Bilateral Filtering

Yu Sun¹, Zhihui Xin^1、*, Penghui Huang², Zhixu Wang¹, and Jiayu Xuan¹

¹Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China

²Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

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Figures & Tables(14)

Fig. 1. Flow chart of the SR-BBF

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Fig. 2. Experimental images. (a) Scene 1; (b) scene 2; (c) scene 3

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Fig. 3. Denoising results of scene 1. (a) Noise image; (b) Lee filtering; (c) Frost filtering; (d) BM3D filtering; (e) BF; (f) SR; (g) SR-Bayes; (h) proposed method

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Fig. 4. Denoising results of scene 2. (a) Noise image; (b) Lee filtering; (c) Frost filtering; (d) BM3D filtering; (e) BF; (f) SR; (g) SR-Bayes; (h) proposed method

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Fig. 5. Denoising results of scene 3. (a) Noise image; (b) Lee filtering; (c) Frost filtering; (d) BM3D filtering; (e) BF; (f) SR; (g) SR-Bayes; (h) proposed method

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Fig. 6. Noise-adding images under different $σ$ . (a) Original image; (b) $σ = 0.5$ ; (c) $σ = 1$ ; (d) $σ = 1.5$

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Fig. 7. Denoising results under $σ = 0.5$ . (a) Noise image; (b) Lee filtering; (c) Frost filtering; (d) BM3D filtering; (e) BF; (f) SR; (g) SR-Bayes; (h) proposed method

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Fig. 8. Denoising results under $σ = 1$ . (a) Noise image; (b) Lee filtering; (c) Frost filtering; (d) BM3D filtering; (e) BF; (f) SR; (g) SR-Bayes; (h) proposed method

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Fig. 9. Denoising results under $σ = 1.5$ . (a) Noise image; (b) Lee filtering; (c) Frost filtering ; (d) BM3D filtering; (e) BF; (f) SR; (g) SR-Bayes; (h) proposed method

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Table 1. Comparison of denoising quality indicators of scene 1

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Table 1. Comparison of denoising quality indicators of scene 1

Method	PSNR /dB	ENL	EPI	SSIM
Unfiltered	21.18	20.19
Lee	23.57	72.21	0.63	0.53
Frost	23.40	49.79	0.70	0.51
BM3D	23.13	120.03	0.77	0.56
BF	24.30	39.64	0.87	0.66
SR	24.53	32.26	0.86	0.69
SR-Bayes	24.49	43.86	0.79	0.61
Proposed method	24.94	131.02	0.80	0.61

Table 2. Comparison of denoising quality indicators of scene 2

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Table 2. Comparison of denoising quality indicators of scene 2

Method	PSNR /dB	ENL	EPI	SSIM
Unfiltered	13.66	18.05
Lee	14.23	75.48	0.43	0.51
Frost	14.84	58.24	0.54	0.52
BM3D	14.68	76.26	0.51	0.64
BF	15.66	41.46	0.82	0.79
SR	14.51	44.87	0.74	0.70
SR-Bayes	15.89	81.20	0.78	0.68
Proposed method	16.38	93.28	0.80	0.75

Table 3. Comparison of denoising quality indicators of scene 3

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Table 3. Comparison of denoising quality indicators of scene 3

Method	PSNR /dB	ENL	EPI	SSIM
Unfiltered	27.21	20.41
Lee	27.27	56.01	0.47	0.79
Frost	28.07	49.09	0.55	0.82
BM3D	27.82	75.64	0.50	0.81
BF	28.39	58.16	0.78	0.89
SR	27.55	70.02	0.72	0.85
SR-Bayes	27.46	72.43	0.75	0.82
Proposed method	28.72	87.62	0.81	0.83

Table 4. Comparison of image quality indicators after filtering under different noise levels

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Table 4. Comparison of image quality indicators after filtering under different noise levels

Method	$σ = 0.5$				$σ = 1$				$σ = 1.5$
Method	PSNR /dB	ENL	EPI	SSIM	PSNR /dB	ENL	EPI	SSIM	PSNR /dB	ENL	EPI	SSIM
Unfiltered	24.12	1.85	0.54	0.69	21.57	0.92	0.37	0.44	20.13	0.73	0.30	0.32
Lee	24.39	5.59	0.68	0.74	23.15	3.68	0.76	0.77	21.05	3.91	0.64	0.69
Frost	24.83	4.32	0.65	0.81	22.58	2.58	0.69	0.67	21.37	2.41	0.56	0.55
BM3D	25.09	6.72	0.75	0.75	22.53	4.58	0.69	0.65	21.37	5.51	0.60	0.62
BF	25.25	8.19	0.73	0.74	22.68	1.75	0.47	0.62	20.52	1.09	0.36	0.44
SR	25.40	23.95	0.89	0.84	23.22	13.07	0.67	0.72	21.37	9.09	0.60	0.63
SR-Bayes	25.41	25.35	0.90	0.85	23.16	11.62	0.66	0.72	21.42	9.71	0.61	0.63
Proposed method	25.32	28.13	0.90	0.83	23.40	16.60	0.73	0.71	22.23	14.78	0.70	0.60

Table 5. Image blockiness index of the proposed method
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Table 5. Image blockiness index of the proposed method
Parameter Scene 1 Scene 2 Scene 3 Noise-adding image1 Noise-adding image 2 Noise-adding image 3
BI 0.018 0.058 0.026 0.024 0.015 0.058

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Yu Sun, Zhihui Xin, Penghui Huang, Zhixu Wang, Jiayu Xuan. SAR Image Sparse Denoising Based on Blind Estimation and Bilateral Filtering[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(16): 1610001

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