[1] [1] RAMíREZ-MARTíNEZ D, ALVARADO-MéNDEZ E,TREJO-DURáN M, et al. Nonlocal nonlinear refraction in Hibiscus sabdariffa with large phase shifts[J]. Optics express, 2014, 22: 25161-25170.

[2] [2] YADAV S B, TAWARE S, SREENATH M C, et al.Experimental and theoretical investigation of linear and nonlinear optical properties of ethyl-3-hydroxy-2-napthoate azo dyes by solvatochromic, computational aspects, and Z-scan technique[J]. Journal of physical organic chemistry, 2020, 33: e4050.

[3] [3] JEYARAM S, HEMALATHA S, GEETHAKRISHNAN T.Nonlinear refraction, absorption and optical limiting properties of disperse blue 14 dye[J]. Chemical physics letters, 2020, 739: 137037.

[4] [4] CHOUBEY R, MEDHEKAR S, KUMAR R, et al.Study of nonlinear optical properties of organic dye by Z-scan technique using He-Ne laser[J]. Journal of materials science: materials in electronics, 2014, 25:1410-1415.

[5] [5] BINISH B, RAHULAN K M, HEGDE T A, et al.Enhanced third order non-linear optical characteristics of Ba2+ doped CoMoO4 nanostructures[J]. Optical materials, 2022, 131: 112694.

[6] [6] SHEIK-BAHAE M, SAID A A, VAN STRYLAND E W. High-sensitivity, single-beam n2 measurements[J].Optics letters,1989, 14: 955-957.

[7] [7] SHEIK-BAHAE M, SAID A A, WEI T H, et al.Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam[J]. IEEE journal of quantum electronics,1990, 26: 760.

[8] [8] ZIDAN M D, ALLAF A W, ALLAHHAM A, et al.Investigation of nonlinear optical properties of chromium tetrapyrrole dicarbonyl complex[J]. Optik,2020, 200: 163175.

[9] [9] ZIDAN M D, AL-KTAIFANI M M, EL-DAHER M S,et al. Diffraction ring patterns and nonlinear measurements of the Tris(2′,2-bipyridyl)iron(II) tetrafluoroborate[J]. Optics & laser technology, 2020,131: 106449.

[10] [10] GAWAS P, NUTALAPATI V, NARAYANARAO D, et al. Broadband optical power limiting with the decoration of TiO2 nanoparticles on graphene oxide[J].Optical materials, 2020, 109: 110366.

[11] [11] ZHANG K, HE J, SHEN R, et al. Synthesis and tunable nonlinear absorption properties of Zn3Mo2O9 nanosheet ceramic material[J]. Optical materials, 2020, 99:109570.

[12] [12] ZIDAN M D, AL-KTAIFANI M M, EL-DAHER M S,et al. Synthesis and nonlinear optical study of the hybrid salt: [C12H14N2][Fe(CN)5(NO)]?5H2O[J]. Journal of nonlinear optical physics & materials, 2022, 31:2250015.

[13] [13] YUAN Y, ZHOU W, ZHU Y, et al. Synthesis,characterization and third-order nonlinear optical behaviour of two novel ethyne-linked polymers[J].Dyes and pigments, 2022, 204: 110423.

[14] [14] ZIDAN M D, AL-KTAIFANI M M, ALLAHHAM A, et al. Nonlinear optical investigation of the Tris(2?,2-bipyridyl)iron(II) tetrafluoroborate using z-scan technique[J]. Optics laser technology, 2017, 90:174-178.

[15] [15] HASSAN Q M A, RAHEEM N A, EMSHARY C A, et al. Preparation, DFT and optical nonlinear studies of a novel azo-(β)-diketone dye[J]. Optics & laser technology, 2022, 148: 107705.

[16] [16] HASSAN Q M A, AL-ASADI R H, SULTAN H A, et al. A novel azo compound derived from ethyl-4-amino benzoate:synthesis, nonlinear optical properties and DFT investigations[J]. Optical and quantum electronics, 2023, 55.

[17] [17] JIANG X, LIU S, LIANG W, et al. Broadband nonlinear photonics in few-layer MXene Ti3C2Tx (T=F,O, or OH)[J]. Laser & photonics reviews, 2018, 12:1700229.

[18] [18] CUPPO F L S A, FIGUEIREDO N A M, GóMEZ S L,et al. Thermal-lens model compared with the Sheik-Bahae formalism in interpreting Z-scan experiments on lyotropic liquid crystals[J]. Journal of the optical society of America B, 2002, 19: 1342-1348.

[19] [19] GARCIA R E V, ARROYO C M L, MENDEZ O M M,et al. Z-scan and spatial self-phase modulation of a Gaussian beam in a thin nonlocal nonlinear media[J].Journal of optics, 2011, 13: 085203.

[20] [20] ZIDAN M D, ALLAF A W, ALLAHAM A, et al. Effect of sample position on formation of spatial-self phase modulation ring patterns in poly(azaneylylidene-acylene)[J].Optik, 2023, 283: 170939.

[21] [21] ZIDAN M D, ARFAN A, ALLAHHAM A. Synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of ionic liquids like by Z-scan technique[J]. Revue roumaine de chimie, 2022,67: 263-270.

[22] [22] YAO B, REN L, HOU X. Z-scan theory based on a diffraction model[J]. Journal of the optical society of America B, 2003, 20: 1290-1294.

[23] [23] KARIMZADEH R, ALEALI H, MANSOUR N.Thermal nonlinear refraction properties of Ag2S semiconductor nanocrystals with its application as a low power optical limiter[J]. Optics communications, 2011,284: 2370-2375.

[24] [24] CARTER C A, HARRIS J M. Comparison of models describing the thermal lens effect[J]. Applied optics,1984, 23: 476-481.

[25] [25] SARKHOSH L, MANSOUR N. Analysis of Z-scan measurement for large thermal nonlinear refraction in gold nanoparticle colloid[J]. Journal of nonlinear optical physics & materials, 2015, 24: 1550014.

[26] [26] RASHIDIAN V M R. Role of the aperture in Z-scan experiments: a parametric study[J]. Chinese physics B,2015, 24: 114206.

[27] [27] KOUSHKI E, FARZANEH A, MOUSAVI S H. Closed aperture Z-scan technique using the Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction theory for materials with high nonlinear refractions[J]. Applied physics B, 2010, 99: 565-570.

[28] [28] GHANEM A, ZIDAN M D, EL-DAHER M S.Diffraction ring patterns of the acid blue 29 in different solvents[J]. Results in optics, 2022, 9: 100268.

[29] [29] SARKHOSH L, ALEALI H, KARIMZADEH R, et al.Large thermally induced nonlinear refraction of gold nanoparticles stabilized by cyclohexanone[J]. Physica status solidi (a), 2010, 207: 2303-2310.