Fig. 1. (a) Schematic diagram illustrating the hybrid structure of 2D/QD and 1L-WS₂. (b) Optical image and (c, d) Confocal PL mapping images of the 1L-WS₂ and 1L-WS₂/MQD hybrid obtained with ${\lambda }_{\text{ex}}=$375 $\text{nm}$ and ${\lambda }_{\text{ex}}=$514 $\text{nm}$, respectively. Scale bar is 8 $\mu \text{m}$. (e, f) Representative PL spectra of 1L-WS₂/MQD (red curve) and 1L-WS₂ (blue curve) with ${\lambda }_{\text{ex}}=$375 $\text{nm}$ and ${\lambda }_{\text{ex}}=$514 $\text{nm}$.

Fig. 2. (a) Optical microscope image and (b) Epi-fluorescence image of 1L-WS₂/MQD hybrid under λ_ex=300 nm UV illumination (orange dotted lines in A indicates the boundary of MQD region and clean region without MQD). Scale bar is 2 μm. (c) Representative PL spectra of 1L-WS₂/MQD hybrid (red curve) and 1L-WS₂ (blue curve) showing a 15-fold enhancement in PL.

Fig. 3. (a, b) Confocal PL mapping images of 1L-WS₂/GCNQD hybrid with ${\lambda }_{\text{ex}}$ of 375 $\text{nm}$ and 514 $\text{nm}$, respectively. Scale bar is 8 μm. (c, d) Representative PL spectra of 1L-WS₂/GCNQD (red curve) and 1L-WS₂ (blue curve) with λ_ex=375 nm and λ_ex=514 nm, respectively. (e) Epi-fluorescence image of 1L-WS₂/GCNQD hybrid with λ_ex=300 nm. (f) Representative PL spectra of 1L-WS₂/GCNQD (red curve) and 1L-WS₂ (blue curve) with λ_ex=300 nm.

Fig. 4. Measured micro absorption spectra of 1L-WS₂/GCNQD (black curve), 1L-WS₂/MQD (blue curve) and 1L-WS₂ only (red curve) as a function of photon wavelength. Six discrete data points are measured absorptions of 1L-WS₂/GCNQD (black), 1L-WS₂/MQD (blue) and 1L-WS₂ only (red) measured by using laser sources at 300 nm and 375 nm wavelengths. Dashed lines are guides for the eyes.

Fig. 5. PL spectra obtained from (a) MQD and (b) GCNQD in hybrid of 1L-WS₂/QD. (c) Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) of MQD emission of isolated MQD (blue curve) and 1L-WS₂/MQD hybrid (orange curve). (d) TRPL of GCNQD emission of isolated GCNQD (green curve) and 1L-WS₂/GCNQD hybrid (purple curve) at λ_ex=375 nm. Dotted line represents the fitting curve. The emission of (c) and (d) was collected at the wavelength range of 400-550 nm using the combination of a long-pass filter and a short-pass filter to exclude the emission of 1L-WS₂. (e) Schematic of energy band alignment showing the type I band alignment of hybrid structure between QD and 1L-WS₂. Values of the conduction band minimum (E_CBM) and the valence band maximum (E_VBM) and the Fermi level (E_F) for each material are marked.