[1] . Our Common Future(1987).

[2] et alFuture urban land expansion and implications for global croplands[J]. PNAS, 114, 8939-8944(2017).

[3] et alGlobal urban signatures of phenotypic change in animal and plant populations[J]. PNAS, 114, 8951-8956(2017).

[4] From theory of sustainable development to practice of sustainable urban construction[J]. Urban Planning International, 27, 30-37(2012).

[5] et alHeterogeneity and scale of sustainable development in cities[J]. PNAS, 114, 8963-8968(2017).

[6] et alSustainability in an urbanizing planet[J]. PNAS, 114, 8935-8938(2017).

[7] et alSome points on the sustainable cities research[J]. Progress in Geography, 29, 1209-1216(2010).

[8] et alSeeking urban sustainability on the world stage[J]. Habitat International, 32, 305-317(2008).

[9] Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development[J](2015). https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld/publication

[10] Achieving gender equality through the work of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme to support inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and human settlements[J](2019). https://unhabitat.org/governance/un-habitat-assembly

[11] Smart cities in Europe[J]. Journal of Urban Technology, 18, 65-82(2011).

[12] Review of the research on urban sustainable development in China[J]. Yunnan Geographic Environment Research, 19, 86-90(2007).

[13] Review of urban form, structure and morphology in China during 2003-2013[J]. Progress in Geography, 33, 689-701(2014).

[14] National space governance and space planning, 36-45(2017).

[15] [J]. Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on the establishment and supervision of the implementation of the natioinal territory spatial planning system. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2019-05/23/content_5394187.htm

[16] Progress and enlightenment of sustainable urban spatial planning research[J]. Urban Development Studies, 26, 67-74(2019).

[17] Squaring the circle: Some thoughts on the idea of sustainable development[J]. Ecological Economics, 48, 369-384(2004).

[18] Toward a sustainabiliy transition: The international consensus[J]. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 45, 12-22(2003).

[19] et alQuantitative guidelines for urban sustainability[J]. Technology in Society, 28, 45-61(2006).

[20] Environmental justice and the sustainable city[J]. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 18, 233-243(1999).

[21] et alCognition and construction of the theoretical connotations of new urbanization with Chinese characteristics[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 29, 1681-1698(2019).

[22] UNEP[J]. Sustainable Cities Programme 1990-2000(2002).

[23] Cities inventing the civilisation of sustainability: An odyssey in the urban archipelago of the European Union[J]. Cities, 17, 227-236(2000).

[24] The quest for sustainable urban form: Reading "Achieving Sustainable Urban Form"[J]. Urban Planning International, 22, 99-105(2007).

[25] Smart Sustainable Cities of the Future: The Untapped Potential of Big Data Analytics and Context-Aware Computing for Advancing Sustainability(2018).

[26] et alUnderstanding 'smart cities': Intertwining development drivers with desired outcomes in a multidimensional framework[J]. Cities, 81, 145-160(2018).

[27] Backcasting in futures studies: A synthesized scholarly and planning approach to strategic smart sustainable city development[J]. European Journal of Futures Research, 6, 13(2018).

[28] Escalating trends in the urban metabolism of Hong Kong: 1971-1997[J]. Ambio, 30, 429-438(2001).

[29] Metabolism of neighborhoods[J]. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 134, 21-31(2008).

[30] The changing metabolism of cities[J]. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 11, 43-59(2007).

[31] The water sensitive city: Principles for practice[J]. Water Science & Technology, 60, 673-682(2009).

[32] A preliminary study on the local cool-island intensity of Taipei city parks[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 80, 386-395(2007).

[33] Recreation-amenity use and contingent valuation of urban greenspaces in Guangzhou, China[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 75, 81-96(2006).

[34] Urban landscapes and sustainable cities[J]. Ecology and Society, 11, 34(2006).

[35] et alHow urban structure can affect city sustainability from an air quality perspective[J]. Environmental Modelling & Software, 21, 461-467(2006).

[36] Climate change and urban resilience[J]. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 3, 164-168(2011).

[37] Zero wastewater: Short-cycling of wastewater resources for sustainable cities of the future[J]. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 18, 253-264(2011).

[38] The urban watershed continuum: Evolving spatial and temporal dimensions[J]. Urban Ecosystems, 15, 409-435(2012).

[39] Critical research on eco-cities: A walk through the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City, China[J]. Cities, 36, 10-17(2014).

[40] Revisiting the urban politics of climate change[J]. Environmental Politics, 22, 136-154(2013).

[41] The role of urban parks for the sustainable city[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 68, 129-138(2004).

[42] Sustainable cities: Transport, energy, and urban form[J]. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 24, 125-143(1997).

[43] Rethinking sustainable cities: Multilevel governance and the 'urban' politics of climate change[J]. Environmental Politics, 14, 42-63(2005).

[44] The compact city fallacy[J]. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 25, 11-26(2005).

[45] Sustainable urban forms their typologies, models, and concepts[J]. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 26, 38-52(2006).

[46] et alSustainable-smart-resilient-low carbon-eco-knowledge cities, making sense of a multitude of concepts promoting sustainable urbanization[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 109, 25-38(2015).

[47] Creating smart-er cities: An overview[J]. Journal of Urban Technology, 18, 1-16(2011).

[48] Smart cities: Definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives[J]. Journal of Urban Technology, 22, 3-21(2015).

[49] Everything you wanted to know about smart cities: The Internet of things is the backbone[J]. IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, 5, 60-70(2016).

[50] et alWhat are the differences between sustainable and smart cities?[J]. Cities, 60, 234-245(2017).

[51] Global urban sustainability assessment: A multidimensional approach[J]. Sustainable Development, 26, 904-920(2018).

[52] et alCrossing technology and sustainability in cities' development[J]. Sustainability Science, 13, 1287-1297(2018).

[53] The IoT for smart sustainable cities of the future: An analytical framework for sensor-based big data applications for environmental sustainability[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 38, 230-253(2018).

[54] et alSmart technology impact on neighborhood form for a sustainable doha[J]. Sustainability, 10, 4764(2018).

[55] Community gardening in Stockholm: Participation, driving forces and the role of the municipality[J]. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 33, 503-517(2018).

[56] et alInvolving people in the building up of smart and sustainable cities: How to influence commuters' behaviors through a mobile app game[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 42, 325-336(2018).

[57] et alSmart homes, home energy management systems and real-time feedback: Lessons for influencing household energy consumption from a Swedish field study[J]. Energy and Buildings, 179, 15-25(2018).

[58] The Influence of smart city technology on the development of urban space in the future[J]. Journal of Human Settlements in West China, 34, 1-12(2019).

[59] Being smart about smart cities[J]. KM World, 20, 20-22(2011).

[60] Smart cities and sustainability models[J]. Informatica Economica, 15, 80-87(2011).

[61] Smart sustainable cities: A new perspective on transformation, roadmap and framework concepts. In: SMART 2016: The Fifth International Conference on Smart Cities, Systems, Devices and Technologies, 5, 8-14(2016).

[62] et al[J]. Smart cities: Ranking of European medium-sized cities(2007). http://www.urenio.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Smart-Cities-Project-2007-Smart_Cities_Ranking.pdf

[63] Engineering future liveable, resilient, sustainable cities using foresight[C]. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Civil Engineering, 171, 3-9(2018).

[64] Does smart city policy lead to sustainability of cities?[J]. Land Use Policy, 73, 49-58(2018).

[65] Smart and sustainable? Five tensions in the visions and practices of the smart-sustainable city in Europe and North America[J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 133, 269-278(2018).

[66] et alDigitalization and environmental aims in municipalities[J]. Sustainability, 10, 1278(2018).

[67] et alAnalysis of social networking service data for smart urban planning[J]. Sustainability, 10, 4732(2018).

[68] et alHelping CIOs understand "smart city" initiatives: Defining the smart city, its drivers,the role of the CIO[J](2010). https://www.forrester.com/report/Helping+CIOs+Understand+Smart+City+Initiatives/-/E-RES55590#

[69] Smart city and IoT[J]. Future Generation Computer Systems, 76, 159-162(2017).

[70] et alSmart city big data analytics: An advanced review[J]. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 9, e1319(2019).

[71] Big data in smart cities: A systematic mapping review[J]. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 13, 2246-2270(2018).

[72] et alA tale of one city: Using cellular network data for urban planning[J]. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 10, 18-26(2011).

[73] Technology and the City: Systems, Applications and Implications[J]. New York: Routledge(2016).

[74] Autonomous vehicles for smart and sustainable cities: An in-depth exploration of privacy and cybersecurity implications[J]. Energies, 11, 1062(2018).

[75] et alUsing location-based social media data to observe check-in behavior and gender difference: Bringing weibo data into play[J]. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 7, 196(2018).

[76] Sustainable cities or cities that contribute to sustainable development?[J]. Urban Studies, 34, 1667-1691(1997).

[77] Modern conceptions of cities as smart and sustainable and their commonalities[J]. Sustainability, 10, 2642(2018).

[78] Diverging perceptions by social groups on cultural ecosystem services provided by urban green[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 175, 161-168(2018).

[79] et alEmpowering citizens towards the co-creation of sustainable cities[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 5, 668-676(2018).

[80] Recent sustainability performance in China: Strength-weakness analysis and ranking of provincial cities[J]. Sustainability, 10, 3063(2018).

[81] Research on sustainable cities[J]. Regional Economic Review, 77-82(2016).

[82] Study on sustainable development of urban form of China[J]. Journal of Chongqing University: Social Science Edition, 18-22(2006).

[83] et alGrowing cities sustainably: Does urban form really matter?[J]. Journal of the American Planning Association, 78, 121-137(2012).

[84] Towards sustainable urban development: From concepts to paradigm[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 49-57(2010).

[85] et alTheoretical thinking in sustainable city construction of China[J]. Environmental Science, 30, 1244-1248(2009).

[86] Planning guidelines for sustainable urban space[J]. City Planning Review, 35, 49-56, 63(2011).

[87] Using empathic design as a tool for urban sustainability in low-resource settings[J]. Sustainability, 10, 2493(2018).

[88] Leveraging smart open innovation for achieving cultural sustainability: Learning from a new city museum project[J]. Sustainability, 10, 1964(2018).

[89] et alUrbanization, rural development and environmental health in China[J]. Environmental Development, 28, 101-110(2018).

[90] Sustainable rural geographies?[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 17, 538-547(1993).

[91] Planning and Sustainable Urban Development in Sweden, 35-40(2016).

[92] . Report on the Development of Urban Planning in China (2017-2018), 3-6(2018).

[93] Delimitation and management of three control lines in territorial spatial planning[J]. China Land, 26-29(2019).

[94] et alSmart cities: The main drivers for increasing the intelligence of cities[J]. Sustainability, 10, 3121(2018).

[95] Reform trend and countermeasures of spatial planning under the background of national institutional reform[J]. Planners, 35, 11-18(2019).

[96] Institutional environment and sustainable natural resource utilization[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 25, 1218-1227(2010).

[97] Spatial regulation of land use planning, local government competition and regional economic development: Empirical evidence from the counties (cities, districts) of Hubei province[J]. China Land Science, 32, 54-61(2018).

[98] Green-space preservation and allocation for sustainable greening of compact cities[J]. Cities, 21, 311-320(2004).