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Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 51, Issue 16, 1602101(2024)

Single Side Resistance Spot Welding Process and Performance of Stainless Steel and Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on Laser Texturing

Caiwang Tan1,2、*, Shijia Wang1, Jianhui Su1,2, Xiaohui Han3, Bo Chen1,2, and Xiaoguo Song1,2
Author Affiliations
  • 1Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, Shandong, China
  • 2State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
  • 3CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., LTD., Qingdao 266111, Shandong, China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (16)
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    References (26)
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    Figures & Tables(16)
    Schematic of micro-texture preparation by nanosecond laser

    Fig. 1. Schematic of micro-texture preparation by nanosecond laser

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    Schematic of single-side resistance spot welding

    Fig. 2. Schematic of single-side resistance spot welding

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    Schematic of tensile-shear testing on SUS304/GFRP joint by single-side resistance spot welding

    Fig. 3. Schematic of tensile-shear testing on SUS304/GFRP joint by single-side resistance spot welding

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    3D morphologies of micro-textures with different widths on stainless surface. (a) Untreated; (b) 0.1 mm; (c) 0.2 mm; (d) 0.3 mm; (e) 0.4 mm; (f) 0.5 mm

    Fig. 4. 3D morphologies of micro-textures with different widths on stainless surface. (a) Untreated; (b) 0.1 mm; (c) 0.2 mm; (d) 0.3 mm; (e) 0.4 mm; (f) 0.5 mm

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    Contact angles of molten GFRPs on SUS304 surfaces with different micro-texture widths

    Fig. 5. Contact angles of molten GFRPs on SUS304 surfaces with different micro-texture widths

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    Macroscopic morphologies of typical stainless steel /GFRP joint. (a) Front surface; (b) back surface

    Fig. 6. Macroscopic morphologies of typical stainless steel /GFRP joint. (a) Front surface; (b) back surface

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    Optical morphologies of typical stainless steel/GFRP joints at interface under different micro-texture widths. (a) Untreated; (b) 0.1 mm; (c) 0.2 mm; (d) 0.3 mm; (e) 0.4 mm; (f) 0.5 mm

    Fig. 7. Optical morphologies of typical stainless steel/GFRP joints at interface under different micro-texture widths. (a) Untreated; (b) 0.1 mm; (c) 0.2 mm; (d) 0.3 mm; (e) 0.4 mm; (f) 0.5 mm

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    SEM morphologies of interfaces of typical stainless steel/GFRP joints with different micro-texture widths. (a) 0.1 mm; (b) 0.2 mm; (c) 0.3 mm; (d) 0.4 mm; (e) 0.5 mm

    Fig. 8. SEM morphologies of interfaces of typical stainless steel/GFRP joints with different micro-texture widths. (a) 0.1 mm; (b) 0.2 mm; (c) 0.3 mm; (d) 0.4 mm; (e) 0.5 mm

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    Elements distributions of interfaces of typical stainless steel/GFRP joints along different paths. (a) Line 1; (b) line 2; (c) line 3; (d) line 4

    Fig. 9. Elements distributions of interfaces of typical stainless steel/GFRP joints along different paths. (a) Line 1; (b) line 2; (c) line 3; (d) line 4

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    Tensile-shear force values of stainless steel/GFRP joints with different micro-texture widths

    Fig. 10. Tensile-shear force values of stainless steel/GFRP joints with different micro-texture widths

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    3D fracture images of SUS304/GFRP joints

    Fig. 11. 3D fracture images of SUS304/GFRP joints

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    Fracture morphologies of typical stainless steel/GFRP joints. (a1)‒(a3) Fracture at GFRP side without micro-texture; (b1)‒(b3) fracture at stainless steel side without micro-texture; (c1)‒(c3) fracture at stainless steel side with micro-texture; (d1)‒(d3) fracture at GFRP side with micro-texture

    Fig. 12. Fracture morphologies of typical stainless steel/GFRP joints. (a1)‒(a3) Fracture at GFRP side without micro-texture; (b1)‒(b3) fracture at stainless steel side without micro-texture; (c1)‒(c3) fracture at stainless steel side with micro-texture; (d1)‒(d3) fracture at GFRP side with micro-texture

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    Mechanism of single-side resistance spot welding of stainless steel/GFRP under micro-texture control. (a) Macroscopic heat conduction joining; (b) untreated; (c) micro-texture width is suitable; (d) micro-texture width is wide or narrow

    Fig. 13. Mechanism of single-side resistance spot welding of stainless steel/GFRP under micro-texture control. (a) Macroscopic heat conduction joining; (b) untreated; (c) micro-texture width is suitable; (d) micro-texture width is wide or narrow

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    • Table 1. Chemical compositions of 304 stainless steel

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      Table 1. Chemical compositions of 304 stainless steel

      ElementCMnSiCrNiSFe
      Mass fraction /%0.031.500.7518.00‒20.008.00‒10.000.02Bal.

    • Table 2. Process parameters of laser texturing platform

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      Table 2. Process parameters of laser texturing platform

      Process parameterValue
      Laser power /W80
      Scanning speed /（mm·s-1）1000
      Defocus distance /mm0
      Width of micro-texture /mm0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5

    • Table 3. Process parameters of single-side resistance spot welding

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      Table 3. Process parameters of single-side resistance spot welding

      Process parameterValue
      Welding current /A2600
      Welding time /s1.0
      Electrode pressure /MPa0.3
      Negative electrode outer diameter /mm20
      Negative electrode inner diameter /mm16
      Positive electrode diameter /mm10
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    Caiwang Tan, Shijia Wang, Jianhui Su, Xiaohui Han, Bo Chen, Xiaoguo Song. Single Side Resistance Spot Welding Process and Performance of Stainless Steel and Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on Laser Texturing[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(16): 1602101

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    Paper Information

    Category: Laser Forming Manufacturing

    Received: Aug. 22, 2023

    Accepted: Oct. 9, 2023

    Published Online: Apr. 17, 2024

    The Author Email: Tan Caiwang (tancaiwang@hitwh.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/CJL231128

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology