Infrared and Laser Engineering, Volume. 52, Issue 9, 20220913(2023)

Performance analysis method of high-precision event timer in laser time-frequency transmission

Han Xue1,2, Ziang Zhang1,2, Jingqi Fu1, Lingtian Diao1, and Liwei Mu1,2
Author Affiliations
  • 1Changchun Observatory of National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130117, China
  • 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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    Figures & Tables(12)
    Corresponding slope characteristics of noise processes under power-law spectral density
    Schematic diagram of the measurement scheme
    Measurement principle based on time/voltage conversion
    Schematic diagram of event timer frequency and phase calculation based on continuous counting
    GT668 measures the clock difference phase data and frequency data. (a) Phase data; (b) Frequency data (The vertical axis of Figure (a) indicates the fixed delay (unit: s), and The vertical axis of Figure (b) depicts the frequency data (unit: rad/s), which is the derivative of the instantaneous phase to time)
    Comparison of frequency accuracy and frequency drift rate between A033 and GT668. (a) Frequency accuracy; (b) Frequency drift rate
    Comparison of time domain variance between A033 and GT668. (a) Allan curve graph; (b) Modified Allan curve graph; (c) Time curve graph; (d) Hadamard curve graph (The horizontal axis shows the logarithmic value of the corresponding time, while the vertical axis shows the logarithmic value of the associated variance)
    Five power law spectral noises comparison between A033 and GT668
    • Table 1. Specification comparison of A033 and GT668

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      Table 1. Specification comparison of A033 and GT668

      SpecificationsGT668 TIAA033-ET
      Single-shot RMS resolution/ps0.91-1.5
      Maximum measurement rate (million events per second)41
      Pulse width/ns>0.155-40 (channel-to-channel crosstalk)
      Dead time/ns50+
    • Table 2. Statistical results of A033 and GT668

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      Table 2. Statistical results of A033 and GT668

      Statistical valueA033GT668_1GT668_2
      Root mean square/×10−71.944392.021982.02201
      Mean value SE/×10−143.655721.349352.60617
      Standard deviation/×10−126.074113.047274.20232
      Extreme difference/ps462629
    • Table 3. Comparison of frequency accuracy and drift rate results

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      Table 3. Comparison of frequency accuracy and drift rate results

      Event timerFrequency accuracy/ $ \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{{ - 12}}}}$Frequency drift rate/ $ \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{{ - 15}}}}$
      A033Final value−2.0751 day2.096
      RMS value6.073
      GT668Final value0.9471 day−1.071
      RMS value3.100
    • Table 4. Numerical comparison of stability results between A033 and GT668 (×10−12)

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      Table 4. Numerical comparison of stability results between A033 and GT668 (×10−12)

      Time domain deviationA033GT668_1GT668_2
      Allan deviation7.2604.1084.570
      Modified Allan deviation8.9084.9775.771
      Time deviation5.1432.8743.331
      Hadamard deviation9.4035.2036.225
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    Han Xue, Ziang Zhang, Jingqi Fu, Lingtian Diao, Liwei Mu. Performance analysis method of high-precision event timer in laser time-frequency transmission[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2023, 52(9): 20220913

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    Paper Information

    Category: Lasers & Laser optics

    Received: Dec. 30, 2022

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Oct. 23, 2023

    The Author Email:

    DOI:10.3788/IRLA20220913

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