High Power Laser Science and Engineering, Volume. 7, Issue 3, 03000e44(2019)
Simulation and analysis of the time evolution of laser power and temperature in static pulsed XPALs
Figures & Tables(13)
Fig. 4. Temperature and output laser power as functions of time in an XPAL under single long-time pulse pumping.
Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of the temperature distribution in the cell after the pump light is turned on for 8 ms.
Fig. 6. (a) Relationship between the output laser power and time under different initial temperature conditions; (b) peak optical–optical efficiency of laser at different initial temperatures.
Fig. 7. Power and temperature as functions of time in a multi-pulse XPAL with a rectangular shape pump light. (a) Turn on the pump light again when the temperature rise drops to
Fig. 9. Power and temperature as functions of time in a multi-pulse XPAL with different initial temperatures. All the pump light is turned on again when the temperature rise drops to
Table 1. Parameters in the simulation.
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Parameters in the simulation.
Parameter Description Value $L$ Length of the cell 2 cm $R$ Radius of the cell 1.2 cm $[\text{Ar}]$ Concentration of Ar $2.5\times 10^{25}~\text{m}^{-3}$ $P_{\text{Cs}}$ Pressure of Cs vapor at a temperature of $T_{0}$ $10^{9.171{-}3830/T_{0}}$ $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{D1}$ Lifetime of a particle at the $\text{B}^{2}\unicode[STIX]{x03A3}_{1/2}^{+}$ 30.5 ns $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{D2}$ Stimulated emission cross-section of the D2 line $5.54\times 10^{-17}~\text{m}^{2}$ $\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}_{\text{abs}}$ Central frequency of the absorption line $3.5830\times 10^{14}~\text{Hz}$ $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}_{\text{abs}}$ Linewidth of the absorption line ${\sim}2$ $\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}_{p}$ Central frequency of the pump line $3.5830\times 10^{14}~\text{Hz}$ $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}E_{10}$ Energy gap between the states 1 and 0 $10~\text{cm}^{-1}$ $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}E_{23}$ Energy gap between the states 2 and 3 $249~\text{cm}^{-1}$ $R_{0}$ Internuclear distance $4.5\times 10^{-10}~\text{m}$ $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}R$ Range of the internuclear distance $1\times 10^{-10}~\text{m}$ $k_{ij}$ Equilibrium constant between the energy levels [10] $k_{\text{abs}}$ Reduced absorption coefficient $1.3\times 10^{-36}~\text{cm}^{5}$ $R_{oc}$ Reflectivity of the output coupler 0.75 $R_{p}$ Reflectivity of the back reflector 0.98 $T_{l}$ Single-pass cell window transmission 0.98 $T_{s}$ Intra-cavity single-pass losses 0.9 $w_{0,p}$ Waist of the pump beam $5\times 10^{-4}~\text{m}$ $w_{0,l}$ Waist of the laser beam $4\times 10^{-4}~\text{m}$
Table 2. Data for the multi-pulse XPAL at
$T_{0}=410$ 7 .View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Data for the multi-pulse XPAL at
$T_{0}=410$ 7 .Parameter (a) (b) (c) Thermal relaxation time (ms) 3.88 2.53 1.65 Recovery coefficient 0.77 0.73 0.68 Temporal linewidth of the laser (except the first pulse) (ms) 0.95 0.83 0.68 Average power of the laser for a single pulse (except the first pulse) (W) 13.30 12.91 12.38 Number of pulses in 12 ms 3 4 5 Total energy of the laser in 12 ms (mJ) 54.35 61.70 63.17
Table 3. Data for the multi-pulse XPAL with different
$T_{0}$ 9 .View tableView in ArticleTable 3. Data for the multi-pulse XPAL with different
$T_{0}$ 9 .Parameter (a) (b) (c) (d) Initial temperature (K) 410 420 430 440 Maximum temperature rise (K) 170.3 195.8 206.4 229.5 Thermal relaxation time (ms) 1.88 1.38 1.18 1.08 Maximum optical–optical efficiency (%) 0.085 0.135 0.208 0.315 Recovery coefficient 0.68 0.65 0.64 0.63 Temporal linewidth of the laser (except the first pulse) (ms) 0.68 0.43 0.28 0.18 Average power of the laser for a single pulse (except the first pulse) (W) 12.38 18.72 28.61 42.38 Number of pulses in 7 ms 3 4 5 6 Total energy of the laser in 7 ms (mJ) 46.46 51.64 57.16 62.37
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Chenyi Su, Binglin Shen, Xingqi Xu, Chunsheng Xia, Bailiang Pan. Simulation and analysis of the time evolution of laser power and temperature in static pulsed XPALs[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2019, 7(3): 03000e44
Paper Information
Category: Research Articles
Received: Jan. 12, 2019
Accepted: Jun. 4, 2019
Published Online: Jul. 26, 2019
The Author Email: Bailiang Pan (pbl66@zju.edu.cn)
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