Fig. 1. The conceptual framework of multidisciplinary research (Adapted from Qu and Long, 2018b)

Fig. 2. The specific design of multidisciplinary research (Adapted from Qu and Long, 2018b)

Fig. 3. A multidisciplinary research framework for recessive land use transition (Adapted from Qu and Long, 2018b)

Fig. 4. A sketch map of horizontal comparison research method with space to exchange for time

Fig. 5. The development of land use transition (LUT) research in China

Fig. 6. The relationship among land use transitions, rural vitalization and rural restructuring (Adapted from Long and Tu, 2018)