Matter and Radiation at Extremes, Volume. 4, Issue 6, 067201(2019)
Review of the relativistic magnetron
Fig. 1. Magnetron operation as a function of magnetic field: (a) low magnetic field; (b) critical magnetic field; (c) high magnetic field. (d) Anode current as a function of magnetic field.
Fig. 3. The Hull magnetron circuit. The variables are described in the text. Reprinted with permission from Hull, J. Am. Inst. Electr. Eng.
Fig. 4. Four-segment magnetron of Slutskin from Kharkiv, Soviet Union. Reprinted with permission from Borisova, in
Fig. 5. The first Ponte decimeter magnetron (
Fig. 6. The Gutton magnetron (M16) with its permanent magnet. Reprinted with permission from Blanchard, in
Fig. 7. The early Philips split anode magnetron. Reprinted with permission from Goerth, in
Fig. 8. Photograph of an early copy of the cavity magnetron. Reprinted with permission from Brittain, Phys. Today
Fig. 9. Historical evolution of the relativistic magnetron (inspired by Fig. 10.1 in Ref.
Fig. 10. Schematic of the first A6 magnetron at MIT. Reprinted from Palevsky and Bekefi, Phys. Fluids
Fig. 11. Dispersion diagram of Bekefi’s A6 magnetron. Reprinted from Palevsky and Bekefi, Phys. Fluids
Fig. 12. Electric field distribution in an A6 magnetron for
Fig. 13. Photograph showing the diffraction output of an eight-cavity X-band MDO. Courtesy of Fuks, University of New Mexico (retired), Albuquerque, NM.
Fig. 14. Tunable rising-sun relativistic magnetron at Physics International. This relativistic magnetron uses plungers moving back walls of three vanes for mechanical tunability. Extraction is through two waveguide ports, one of which is visible. Reprinted with permission from Benford, in
Fig. 15. ORION outdoor testing facility when it was operational in the UK. Courtesy of Smith, L-3 Communications (retired), San Leandro, CA.
Fig. 16. MAGIC 3D simulations performed at UNM showing the benefits of a transparent cathode in an A6 relativistic magnetron compared with a solid cathode or projection ablation lithography (PAL) cathode priming. Reprinted with permission from Fuks and Schamiloglu, Phys. Rev. Lett.
Fig. 17. Photograph of the SINUS-6 accelerator at UNM with the A6 magnetron with radial extraction.
Fig. 18. ORION relativistic magnetron performance with a CsI-coated carbon velvet cathode. The magnetron total current is shown in (a) for three different applied pulse durations, whereas the instantaneous RF electric field measured in an output waveguide is shown in (b). Note that the time scales on the two traces are different. Reprinted with permission from Shiffler
Fig. 19. Photograph of the modified PI-110A accelerator (back) adjacent to the SINUS-6 (front) at UNM.
Fig. 20. Output power
Fig. 21. (a) The van der Pol diagram
Fig. 22. Photographs of the UNM compact A6 MDO (a) and the permanent magnet (b). The photograph in (a) shows how the compact MDO radiates a TE11 mode from the generated mode. As is evident, two of the six cavities are closed off and four are opened. The electric fields from the two top open cavities and two bottom open cavities sum to radiate a linearly polarized TE11 mode without requiring the bulk mode converter of the full MDO.
Fig. 23. Photograph of the NUDT permanent magnet relativistic magnetron.
Fig. 24. (a) External view of anode with the angular segment (AS) NdFeB permanent magnets and the anode endcap seen separately. (b) Same as (a), but with the cathode and the anode endcap installed. (c) Long cathode without inserted rod magnets. (d) Short cathode with rod magnets inserted. (e) Same as (c), but with rod magnets inserted. Reprinted with permission from Krasik
Fig. 25. Photograph of the RPM-12a planar recirculating magnetron at UM. Courtesy Gilgenbach, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
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Dmitrii Andreev, Artem Kuskov, Edl Schamiloglu. Review of the relativistic magnetron[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2019, 4(6): 067201
Category: Pulsed Power Technology and High Power Electromagnetics
Received: Apr. 14, 2019
Accepted: Aug. 20, 2019
Published Online: Dec. 18, 2019
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