Fig. 1. The schematic diagram of the CF|PANI composite.

Fig. 2. (Color online) Optical diagram of (a) the CF, (b) CF after electrochemical activation, (c) the CF|PANI3, (d) the CF|PANI3 overcoated with PVA-H₂SO₄. SEM images of the pretreated CF bundle at (e) 1000, (f) 10 000 and (g) 100 000 magnification; the SEM images of pretreated CF|PANI3 at (h) 1000, (i) 10 000 and (j) 100 000 magnification.

Fig. 3. (Color online) (a) Raman spectrum and (b) XRD spectrum of CF|PANI3.

Fig. 4. (Color online) (a) GCD curves of the different electrodes at 1 A/g condition. (b) CVs for the different electrodes at 20 mV/s condition. (c) EIS for the different electrodes.

Fig. 5. (Color online) (a) GCD curves of CF|PANI3 composite electrode at different current densities. (b) CV curves for the CF|PANI3 composite electrode at low scan rates. (c) CV curves for the CF|PANI3 composite electrode at high scan rates. (d) Cyclic stability and rate performance of the CF|PANI3 composite electrode.

Fig. 6. (Color online) (a) GCD curves of the CP3//CP3 SSC. (b) CV curves of the CP3//CP3 SSC at different voltage windows. (c) EIS of the CP3//CP3 SSC.

Fig. 7. (Color online) (a) GCD of the MM//CP3 ASC under different voltage windows. (b) EIS of the MM//CP3 ASC. (c) CV curves of the MM//CP3 ASC under different voltage windows. (d) Relationships between the energy density and power density of the CP3//CP3 SSC and MM//CP3 ASC. (e) The red, green and yellow LED lamps are lit by two series MM//CP3 ASC.