Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of theoretical predictions, preparation methods and applications of bismuthene^{[22, 44-45,47,50-51]}

Fig. 1. [in Chinese]

Fig. 2. (a) Top view of five honeycomb structures and four non-honeycomb structures of monolayer bismuthene^[37]; (b) Top and side views of α-bismuthene and (c) β-bismuthene^[22]

Fig. 3. Preparation methods of bismuthene^{[ 44-45,47,50-51]}

Fig. 4. (a) Schematic illustration of physical vapor deposition (PVD); (b) LEED of 1T-TaS₂; (c) LEED of Bi(111) film^[61]; (d) Sketch of bismuthene on the SiC(0001); (e) STM overview map; (f) Substrate step height profile^[50]

Fig. 5. (a) Optical photographs of thin film samples grown on SiO₂ and Al₂O₃; (b) TEM image; (c), (d) HRTEM images; (e) The schematic of FETs based on Bi film^[51]

Fig. 6. Summary of "top-down" methods for preparing bismuthene^{[44-45,47,63]}

Fig. 7. (a) Schematic illustration of liquid phase exfoliation; (b) HRTEM image; (c) SEM image; (d) AFM image; (e) Schematic of mode-locked fiber laser with a microfiber-based bismuthene SA^[44]

Fig. 8. (a) Schematic illustration of preparing bismuthene of acid intercalation; (b) SEM image of bulk bismuth. (c) SEM image of H₂SO₄-intercalated bismuth powder; (d) SEM image of bismuth nanosheets^[45,64]

Fig. 9. (a) Bismuthene subcarbonate crystal structure; (b) Schematic illustration of electrochemical exfoliation; (c) TEM image; (d) HRTEM image; (e) SEAD pattern^[46]

Fig. 10. (a) and (b) Schematic illustration of electrochemical exfoliation; (c) SEM image; (d) EDS map; (e) AFM image; (f) TEM image; (g) HRTEM image; (h) EDS map^[47,65]

Fig. 11. (a) XRD patterns; (b) TEM image; (c) HRTEM image; (d) SAED pattern; (e) AFM image; (f) The corresponding height profiles^[63]

Fig. 12. (a) Schematic of modelocked 2 μm Tm-doped fiber laser with the as-fabricated bismuthene SA; (b) Laser pulse train; (c) Single pulse ^[45]

Fig. 13. Open aperture Z–scan transmission^[48]